6. Emily White, Ph.D., Ulrike Peters, Ph.D., M.P.H. VITamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) Study: Cohort Study of Dietary Supplements and Cancer Risk. NCI Extramural Program (Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences). Year(s) of Enrollment: 2000—2002
7. Jian-Bing Wang, PhD et al. 26 Year Follow-up of the Randomized Linxian Dysplasia Nutrition Intervention Trial: No Effect of Multivitamin Supplementation on Mortality. JAMA Intern Med. 2013 Jul 8; 173(13): 1259–1261. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.6066
8. Wessells KR, Brown KH. Estimating the global prevalence of zinc deficiency: results based on zinc availability in national food supplies and the prevalence of stunting. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e50568. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050568.
9. Second National Report on Biochemical Indicators of Diet and Nutrition in the U.S. Population 2012 https://www.cdc.gov/nutritionreport/pdf/exesummary_web_032612.pdf
10. Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser. The Oxford Martin Programme on Global Development at the University of Oxford. Micronutrient Deficiency. ourworldindata.org/micronutrient-deficiency
11. National Research Council (US) Subcommittee on the Tenth Edition of the Recommended Dietary Allowances. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1989. ISBN-10: 0—309—04633—5ISBN-10: 0—309—04041—8 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234932
12. Haider BA, Bhutta ZA. Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.2006;(4):CD004905.
13. Wells JL, Dumbrell AC. Nutrition and Aging: Assessment and Treatment of Compromised Nutritional Status in Frail Elderly Patients. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2006;1(1):67–79.
14. ter Borg S et al. Micronutrient intakes and potential inadequacies of community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. Br J Nutr. 2015 Apr 28;113(8):1195—206. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515000203.
15. Position of the American Dietetic Association, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and athletic performance. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000 Dec;100(12):1543—56.
16. McClung JP et. al. Female athletes: a population at risk of vitamin and mineral deficiencies affecting health and performance. J Trace Elem Med Biol. (2014) 28(4): 388–392.
17. Steinbaugh M. Nutritional needs of female athletes. Clin Sports Med. 1984 Jul;3(3):649—70.
18. Calton, J., Prevalence of micronutrient deficiency in popular diet plans. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2010. 7(1): p. 24.
19. Masri OA, Chalhoub JM, Sharara AI. Role of vitamins in gastrointestinal diseases. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG. 2015;21(17):5191–5209. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i17.5191.
20. Lin SK, Lambert JR, Wahlqvist ML. Nutrition and gastrointestinal disorders. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 1992 Mar;1(1):37–42.
21. Lanham-New SA.Importance of calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K for osteoporosis prevention and treatment. Proc Nutr Soc. (2008) 67(2): 163–176.
22. Wolfgang Herrmann, Heike Schorr, Rima Obeid, Ju#rgen Geisel; Vitamin B-12 status, particularly holotranscobalamin II and methylmalonic acid concentrations, and hyperhomocysteinemia in vegetarians, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 78, Issue 1, 1 July 2003, Pages 131–136, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/78.1.131
23. Barr SI, Rideout CA.Nutritional considerations for vegetarian athletes. Nutrition. (2004) 20: 696–703.
24. Fontana L, Shew JL, Holloszy JO, Villareal DT. Low bone mass in subjects on a long-term raw vegetarian diet. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Mar 28; 165(6): 684–689.
25. Clarys P et al. Comparison of nutritional quality of the vegan, vegetarian, semi-vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian and omnivorous diet. Nutrients. 2014 Mar 24;6(3):1318—32. doi: 10.3390/nu6031318.
26. Glória L et al. Nutritional deficiencies in chronic alcoholics: relation to dietary intake and alcohol consumption. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997 Mar;92(3):485—9.
27. Ryle PR, Thomson AD. Nutrition and vitamins in alcoholism. Contemp Issues Clin Biochem. 1984;1:188–224.
28. Preston AM. Cigarette smoking-nutritional implications. Prog Food Nutr Sci. 1991;15(4):183–217.
29. Northrop-Clewes CA, Thurnham DI. Monitoring micronutrients in cigarette smokers. Clin Chim Acta. 2007 Feb;377(1–2):14–38.
30. Bailey R, L, West Jr. K, P, Black R, E, The Epidemiology of Global Micronutrient Deficiencies. Ann Nutr Metab 2015;66(suppl 2):22—33
31. Nair R and A. Maseeh. Vitamin D: The «sunshine» vitamin. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. (2012) 3(2): 118–126.
32. Carr AC et al. A randomized steady-state bioavailability study of synthetic versus natural (kiwifruit-derived) vitamin C. Nutrients. 2013 Sep 17;5(9):3684—95. doi: 10.3390/nu5093684.