21. Uemura M et al. Breakfast Skipping is Positively Associated With Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence From the Aichi Workers’ Cohort Study. J Epidemiol. 2015;25(5):351—8. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20140109.
22. Reutrakul S et al. The relationship between breakfast skipping, chronotype, and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Chronobiol Int. 2014 Feb;31(1):64–71. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2013.821614.
23. Betts JA, Richardson JD, Chowdhury EA, Holman GD, Tsintzas K, Thompson D. 2014. The causal role of breakfast in energy balance and health: a randomized controlled trial in lean adults. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 100(2): 539–547.
24. Dhurandhar EJ et al. 2014. The effectiveness of breakfast recommendations on weight loss: a randomized controlled trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.100(2): 507–513.
25. Versteeg RI, Ackermans MT, Nederveen AJ, Fliers E, Serlie MJ, la Fleur SE. Meal timing effects on insulin sensitivity and intrahepatic triglycerides during weight loss. Int J Obes (Lond). 2018 Feb; 42(2): 156–162.
26. Allan Geliebter et al. 2014. Skipping breakfast leads to weight loss but also elevated cholesterol compared with consuming daily breakfasts of oat porridge or frosted cornflakes in overweight individuals: a randomised controlled trial. Journal of Nutritional Science.10.1017/jns.2014.51.
27. LeCheminant GM, LeCheminant JD, Tucker LA, Bailey BW. A randomized controlled trial to study the effects of breakfast on energy intake, physical activity, and body fat in women who are non habitual breakfast eaters. Appetite. 2017 May 1;112:44–51. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.12.041.
28. Marie-Pierre St-Onge et al. Meal Timing and Frequency: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. AHA SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT. 2017;135:e96-e121 doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000476
29. Schlundt DG, Hill JO, Sbrocco T, Pope-Cordle J, Sharp T. The role of breakfast in the treatment of obesity: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;55:645—51.
30. Farshchi HR, Taylor MA, Macdonald IA. Deleterious effects of omitting breakfast on insulin sensitivity and fasting lipid profiles in healthy lean women. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:388—96.
31. Heather J Leidy et al. Evaluating the Intervention-Based Evidence Surrounding the Causal Role of Breakfast on Markers of Weight Management, with Specific Focus on Breakfast Composition and Size, Advances in Nutrition, Volume 7, Issue 3, 1 May 2016, Pages 563S—575S, https://doi.org/10.3945/an.115.010223
32. Keys, A., Brozek, J., Henshel, A., Mickelson, O., & Taylor, H.L. (1950). The biology of human starvation, (Vols. 1–2). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
33. Friedman JM, Halaas JL. Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals. Nature. 1998 Oct 22; 395(6704):763—70.
34. Ahima RS, Prabakaran D, Mantzoros C, Qu D, Lowell B, Maratos-Flier E, Flier JS. Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting. Nature. 1996 Jul 18; 382(6588):250—2.
35. Schwartz MW, Seeley RJ. Seminars in medicine of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Neuroendocrine responses to starvation and weight loss. N Engl J Med. 1997 Jun 19; 336(25):1802—11.
36. Dallman MF Et al. Starvation: early signals, sensors, and sequelae. Endocrinology. 1999 Sep;140(9):4015—23.
37. P. VUJOVIC et al. Time-Dependent Effects of Starvation on Serum, Pituitary and Hypothalamic Leptin Levels in Rats. Physiol. Res. 60 (Suppl. 1): S165-S170, 2011
38. Chan JL, Heist K, DePaoli AM, Veldhuis JD, Mantzoros CS. The role of falling leptin levels in the neuroendocrine and metabolic adaptation to short-term starvation in healthy men. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2003;111(9):1409–1421. doi:10.1172/JCI200317490.
39. Sofer S, Eliraz A, Kaplan S, Voet H, Fink G, Kima T, Madar Z. 2011. Greater weight loss and hormonal changes after 6 months diet with carbohydrates eaten mostly at dinner. The Obesity Journal. 19(10): 2006–2014.
40. Alves RD et al. Eating carbohydrate mostly at lunch and protein mostly at dinner within a covert hypocaloric diet influences morning glucose homeostasis in overweight/obese men. Eur J Nutr. 2014 Feb;53(1):49–60. doi: 10.1007/s00394—013—0497—7.
41. Fong M, Caterson ID1, Madigan CD1. Are large dinners associated with excess weight, and does eating a smaller dinner achieve greater weight loss? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr. 2017 Oct;118(8):616–628. doi: 10.1017/S0007114517002550.
42. Katayose Y, Tasaki M, Ogata H, Nakata Y, Tokuyama K, Satoh M. Metabolic rate and fuel utilization during sleep assessed by whole-body indirect calorimetry. Metabolism. 2009 Jul; 58(7):920—6.
43. Romon M, Edme JL, Boulenguez C, Lescroart JL, Frimat P. Circadian variation of diet-induced thermogenesis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993 Apr; 57(4):476—80.
44. Goo RH, Moore JG, Greenberg E, Alazraki NP Circadian variation in gastric emptying of meals in humans. Gastroenterology. 1987 Sep; 93(3):515—8.