Romanov Riches: Russian Writers and Artists Under the Tsars

22. Quoted from K. P. Pobedonostsev, Velikaia lozh’ nashego vremeni [The big lie of our time] (Moscow, 1993), p. 340.

CHAPTER 13

Alexander III, the Wanderers, and Mussorgsky

1. Aleksandr Benua, Moi vospominaniia [My memoirs], in five volumes, vols. 1–3 (Moscow, 1980), p. 382.

2. Quoted from Lev Tolstoi i russkie tsari [Leo Tolstoy and the Russian tsars] (Moscow, 1995), p. 23.

3. Quoted from Aleksei Zverev and Vladimir Tunimanov, Lev Tolstoi [Leo Tolstoy] (Moscow, 2007), p. 359.

4. Quoted from Iu. B. Solov’ev, Samoderzhavie i dvorianstvo v kontse XIX veka [Autocracy and nobility in the late nineteenth century] (Leningrad, 1973), p. 90.

5. Ibid.

6. Konstantin Petrovich Pobedonostsev i ego korrespondenty [Konstantin Petrovich Pobedonostsev and his correspondents], in two volumes, vol. 1 (Minsk, 2003), p. 246.

7. I. E. Repin, Dalekoe blizkoe [Far and near] (Leningrad, 1982), p. 293.

8. Pobedonostsev i ego korrespondenty, vol. 2, pp. 498–99.

9. Repin, p. 152.

10. Ibid., p. 185.

11. Vasilii Ivanovich Surikov, Pis’ma. Vospominaniia o khudozhnike [Letters, memoirs] (Leningrad, 1977), p. 187; Maksimilian Voloshin, Liki tvorchestva [The faces of creativity] (Leningrad, 1988), p. 343.

12. Quoted from V. Lakshin, Aleksandr Nikolaevich Ostrovskii [Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky] (Moscow, 1976), p. 504.

13. Quoted from A. Orlova, Trudy i dni M. P. Musorgskogo. Letopis’ zhizni i tvorchestva [Works and days of M. P. Mussorgsky: Chronicle of his life and work] (Moscow, 1963), p. 360.

14. Modest Petrovich Musorgskii, Pis’ma, biograficheskie materialy i dokumenty [Letters, biographical materials, and documents] (Moscow, 1971), p. 176.

15. Quoted from A. Gozenpud, Russkii operny teatr XIX veka. 1873–1889 [Russian opera of the nineteenth century, 1873–1889] (Leningrad, 1973), p. 107.

16. Surikov, Pis’ma. Vospominaniia, p. 187.

17. Quoted from A. Gozenpud, Russkii operny teatr na rubezhe XIX-XX vekov i F. I. Shaliapin. 1890–1904 [Russian opera at the turn of the twentieth century and F. I. Chaliapin, 1890–1904] (Leningrad, 1974), p. 28.

18. Benua, Moi vospominaniia, vols. 1–3, p. 650.

CHAPTER 14

Nicholas II and Lenin as Art Connoisseurs

1. See, for instance, M. K. Kasvinov, Dvadtsat’ tri stupeni vniz [Twenty-three steps down] (Moscow, 1978), pp. 82, 128.

2. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Publitsistika [Essays on society and politics], in three volumes, vol. 3 (Yaroslavl, 1997), p. 332.

3. Teatr,12 (1992), p. 127.

4. Quoted from the collection V. I. Lenin o literature [V. I. Lenin on literature] (Moscow, 1971), p. 226.

5. Quoted from Literaturnoe nasledstvo [Literary heritage], vol. 65 (Moscow, 1958), p. 210.

6. A. V. Lunacharskii, Vospominaniia i vpechatleniia [Memoirs and impressions] (Moscow, 1969), p. 195.

7. Quoted from S. K. Bogoiavlenskii, Moskovskii teatr pri tsariakh Aleksee i Petre [Muscovite theater under Tsars Alexis and Peter] (Moscow, 1914), p. 19.

8. Matil’da Kshesinskaia, Vospominaniia [Memoirs] (Moscow, 1992), p. 29.

9. Ibid., p. 48.

10. Nicholas II, Dnevniki [Journals] (Moscow, 2007), p. 13.

11. M. Gor’kii, Literaturnye portrety [Literary portraits] (Moscow, 1983), p. 40.

12. George Balanchine, in conversation with the author.

13. Gor’kii, p. 37.

14. Quoted from Lev Tolstoi i muzyka. Khronika. Notografiia. Bibliografiia [Leo Tolstoy and music: Chronicle, bibliography of musical scores, bibliography] (Moscow, 1977), p. 22.

15. Quoted from A. G. Latyshev, Rassekrechennyi Lenin [Lenin declassified] (Moscow, 1996), p. 291.

16. V. I. Lenin o literature [V. I. Lenin on literature] (Moscow, 1971), p. 254.

17. Maria Dobrowen, in conversation with the author.

18. Quoted from the collection Prometei [Prometheus], vol.8 (Moscow, 1971), p. 61.

19. See L. Freidkina, Dni i gody V. I. Nemirovicha-Danchenko [Life of V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko] (Moscow, 1962), p. 219; I. Solov’eva, Nemirovich-Danchenko [Nemirovich-Danchenko] (Moscow, 1979), pp. 211–12.

20. Quotes from Simon Dreiden, Spektakli. Roli. Sud’by [Plays, roles, and destinies] (Moscow, 1978), p. 22.