Тело помнит все. Какую роль психологическая травма играет в жизни человека и какие техники помогают ее преодолеть

6. A. Damasio, Feeling of What Happens, стр. 28.

7. Там же, стр. 29.

8. A. Damasio, Self Comes to Mind: Constructing the Conscious Brain (New York: Random House Digital, 2012), 17.

9. Damasio, Feeling of What Happens, стр. 256.

10. Antonio R. Damasio, et al., “Subcortical and Cortical Brain Activity During the Feeling of Self-Generated Emotions”. Nature Neuroscience 3, vol. 10 (2000):1049–56.

11. A. A. T. S. Reinders, et al., “One Brain, Two Selves”, NeuroImage 20 (2003): 2119–25. См. также: E. R. S. Nijenhuis, O. Van der Hart, and K. Steele, “The Emerging Psychobiology of Trauma-Related Dissociation and Dissociative Disorders”, in Biological Psychiatry, vol. 2., eds. H. A. H. D’Haenen, J. A. den Boer, and P. Willner (West Sussex, UK: Wiley 2002), 1079–198; J. Parvizi and A. R. Damasio, “Consciousness and the Brain Stem”, Cognition 79 (2001): 135–59; F. W. Putnam, “Dissociation and Disturbances of Self”, in Dysfunctions of the Self, vol. 5, eds. D. Cicchetti and S. L. Toth (Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 1994), 251–65; and F. W. Putnam, Dissociation in Children and Adolescents: A Developmental Perspective (New York: Guilford, 1997).

12. A. D’Argembeau, et al., “Distinct Regions of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Are Associated with Self-Referential Processing and Perspective Taking”, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 19, no. 6 (2007): 935–44. См. также: N. A. Farb, et al., “Attending to the Present: Mindfulness Meditation Reveals Distinct Neural Modes of Self-Reference”, Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 2, no. 4 (2007): 313–22; and B. K. Hölzel, et al., “Investigation of Mindfulness Meditation Practitioners with Voxel-Based Morphometry”, Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 3, no. 1 (2008): 55–61.

13. P. A. Levine, Healing Trauma: A Pioneering Program for Restoring the Wisdom of Your Body (Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books, 2008); and P. A. Levine, In an Unspoken Voice: How the Body Releases Trauma and Restores Goodness (Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books, 2010).

14. P. Ogden and K. Minton, “Sensorimotor Psychotherapy: One Method for Processing Traumatic Memory”, Traumatology 6, no. 3 (2000): 149–73; and P. Ogden, K. Minton, and C. Pain, Trauma and the Body: A Sensorimotor Approach to Psychotherapy, Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology (New York: WW Norton & Company, 2006).

15. D. A. Bakal, Minding the Body: Clinical Uses of Somatic Awareness (New York: Guilford Press, 2001).

16. На эту тему было проведено огромное количество исследований. Вот лишь несколько примеров: J. Wolfe, et al., “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and War-Zone Exposure as Correlates of Perceived Health in Female Vietnam War Veterans”, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 62, no. 6 (1994): 1235–40; L. A. Zoellner, M. L. Goodwin, and E. B. Foa, “PTSD Severity and Health Perceptions in Female Victims of Sexual Assault”, Journal of Traumatic Stress 13, no. 4 (2000): 635–49; E. M. Sledjeski, B. Speisman, and L. C. Dierker, “Does Number of Lifetime Traumas Explain the Relationship Between PTSD and Chronic Medical Conditions? Answers from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R)”, Journal of Behavioral Medicine 31 (2008): 341–49; J. A. Boscarino, “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Physical Illness: Results from Clinical and Epidemiologic Studies”, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1032 (2004): 141–53; M. Cloitre, et al., “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Extent of Trauma Exposure as Correlates of Medical Problems and Perceived Health Among Women with Childhood Abuse”, Women & Health 34, no. 3 (2001): 1–17; D. Lauterbach, R. Vora, and M. Rakow, “The Relationship Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Self-Reported Health Problems”, Psychosomatic Medicine 67, no. 6 (2005): 939–47; B. S. McEwen, “Protective and Damaging Effects of Stress Mediators”, New England Journal of Medicine 338, no. 3 (1998): 171–79; P. P. Schnurr and B. L. Green, Trauma and Health: Physical Health Consequences of Exposure to Extreme Stress (Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2004).