The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB

20. The KGB officers who took part in running MAREK were P. V. Yatskov, B. P. Kolymakov, Ye. N. Gorlitsyn, V. F. Perchik, Ye. V. Piskarev, G. N. Pustnyatsev, V. M. Bogachev, Ye. A. Belov, V. N. Gordeyev, A. V. Bolshakov, S. V. Sychev, V. N. Melnikov, A. A. Alekseyev, S. Ye. Muzhchinin, V. S. Miroshnikov, V. A. Revin, N. V. Medved, I. K. Baranov, V. I. Kucherov, V. S. Loginov, V. I. Shpakevich, I. S. Pakhmonov, V. V. Makarov, A. M. Gvosdev and L. K. Kostanyan. Even after Agee revealed that MAREK was a plant, some in the Centre did not regard the evidence as conclusive.

21. Earley, Confessions of a Spy, pp. 91-2.

22. Kalugin, Spymaster, pp. 111-12. Though Mitrokhin does not identify Sedov by name, he confirms the access to Kissinger by an “operations officer.”

23. Schultz, Turmoil and Triumph, p. 117.

24. t-7,321.

25. Dobrynin, In Confidence.

26. Barron, KGB, pp. 25-7. Barron, KGB Today, pp. 240-3. vol. 6, ch. 10; vol. 6, app. 1, parts 19, 40.

27. vol. 6, ch. 10; vol. 6, app. 1, part 40. There is no evidence in Mitrokhin’s notes that the cultivation of Waldheim was successful.

28. Shevchenko, Breaking with Moscow, pp. 331-2.

29. vol. 6, app. 1, parts 4, 19; t-3,69, k-24,228.

30. vol. 6, ch. 8, part 4, n. 1.

31. vol. 6, ch. 14, part 2, n. 2.

32. vol. 6, app. 1, parts 3, 41; t-2,258.

33. vol. 6, ch. 3, part 2; vol. 6, app. 1, part 41.

34. vol. 6, app. 1, part 16. The Turkish Cypriot newspaper Malkin Sesi reported on May 18, 1985 that, according to intelligence supplied by Washington to the Turkish government, Ozgur had worked as a Soviet spy from 1974 to 1977.

35. vol. 6, ch. 3, part 3.

36. vol. 6, ch. 4; k-8,103,447.

37. vol. 6, app. 1, part 38.

38. vol. 6, app. 1, part 4; t-3,56.

39. vol. 6, app. 1, parts 11, 39; k-22,71.

40. vol. 6, app. 1, part 33.

41. vol. 6, ch. 3, part 2. Mitrokhin does not give REM’s identity. As was frequently the case, the same codename was given to several other agents. None of the others seems to fit the Washington REM.

42. k-22,207.

43. t-1,75.

44. vol. 6, ch. 4; vol. 6, app. 1, parts 16, 19.

45. vol. 6, ch. 14, part 2, n. 2.

46. vol. 6, ch. 3, part 3.

47. vol. 6, ch. 14, part 2, n. 2.

48. vol. 6, ch. 3, part 3.

49. Kalugin, Spymaster, pp. 72-5.

50. Kalugin, Spymaster, p. 103.

51. Dobrynin, In Confidence, p. 355.

52. vol. 6, ch. 3, part 3.

53. Kramer and Roberts, “I Never Wanted to be Vice-President of Anything!,” p. 23.

54. vol. 6, ch. 3, part 3.

55. Dobrynin, In Confidence, pp. 377-8.

56. vol. 6, ch. 3, part 3.

57. In 1977 Lomov returned to New York with his deputy director, Yuri Mikhailovich Zabrodin, for a three-month visit. His main KGB mission on this occasion was to investigate research on interrogation techniques which, the Centre hoped, would cause those it interrogated to have no subsequent memory of their replies to questions. vol. 6, ch. 2, part 1; vol. 6, app. 2, parts 4, 5.

58. vol. 6, ch. 2, part 1; vol. 6, ch. 3, part 3.

59. vol. 6, ch. 2, part 1.

60. vol. 6, ch. 2, part 1.

61. See below, chapter 17.

62. vol. 6, ch. 7. Mitrokhin identifies VLADIMIROV as deputy director of the institute, but does not give his name. Cf. Barron, KGB Today, p. 265.

63. vol. 6, ch. 2, part 1; vol. 6, app. 2, parts 4, 6.

64. Kissinger, White House Years, p. 112.

65. vol. 6, app. 1, part 6.

66. Dobrynin, In Confidence, p. 485.

67. vol. 5, section 10.

68. vol. 6, ch. 3, parts 2, 3.

69. Andrew and Gordievsky (eds.), Instructions from the Centre, pp. 306-7.

70. vol. 6, ch. 2, part 1, n. 3.

71. Andrew and Gordievsky (eds.), Instructions from the Centre, ch. 4.

72. Kalugin, Spymaster, pp. 302-3. Kalugin considered the tone of Andropov’s cable “paranoid.”

73. Volkogonov, The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Empire, p. 351.

74. Dobrynin, In Confidence, p. 523.

75. Andrew and Gordievsky, KGB, pp. 582-603. Andrew and Gordievsky (eds.), Instructions from the Centre, ch. 4.

76. Shvets, Washington Station, pp. 29, 74-5. Shvets had access to Androsov’s reports as a member of the FCD First (North American) Department from 1982 to 1985, and was then posted to Washington as a Line PR officer in Androsov’s residency.

77. Andrew and Gordievsky, KGB, pp. 591-605.

78. Andrew, For the President’s Eyes Only, pp. 471-7.

79. Izvestia (September 24, 1991).

80. Garthoff, “The KGB Reports to Gorbachev,” pp. 226-7.

81. vol. 6, ch. 6.

82. See, for example, Kryuchkov’s 1984 analysis of “the deepening economic and social crisis in the capitalist world.” Andrew and Gordievsky (eds.), Instructions from the Centre, pp. 33-4.

83. vol. 6, app. 1, part 41. Mitrokhin did not record the statistics for the San Francisco residency.

84. vol. 6, ch. 6.