Tombland

Philip added, ‘The Protector issued a strong proclamation against illegal enclosures in April, and I believe he has asked John Hales to organize a whole new series of commissions to go around all England this summer, and reverse all illegal enclosures of land since 1485. Many old injustices may thus be remedied.’

I considered, then said, ‘Many old injustices there are, and new ones too with the enclosure of common land for sheep.’ I thought of the Brikewell manors. ‘But to disentangle all enclosures since 1485 –’ I shook my head sadly – ‘that is a job that could occupy a hundred lawyers for years. Any return of lands to the common people will be challenged in the courts by the landlords, even if they are not seized back as soon as the commissioners move on – the magistrates and gentlemen will be united against them. I do not think the Protector has thought this through. He may indeed wish serious reform, but careful planning is needed.’

Kenzy said, ‘Yes. How are the commissioners supposed to know what was common land fifty years ago, if documentary evidence is lacking, which, probably, it is?’

Coleswyn said, ‘Then evidence will be taken from aged persons who were alive at the time –’

‘Anyone who was an adult in 1485 would be eighty now, if still alive,’ Kenzy replied scoffingly.

‘They may have told their children, who could give evidence.’

‘Come, Philip,’ Kenzy said impatiently. ‘You know that would be mere hearsay, inadmissible in court. And who are these people the commissioners will be asking to testify? Tenants, leaseholders, squatters; are they to be the ones who decide who is to own what land in England? Against the will of the local landholders? Does Protector Somerset wish the foot of the body politic to rule the head against all natural and biblical precedent?’

‘He only wishes to do justice,’ Philip said, gravely.

‘He wishes to keep his reputation as the Good Duke with the poor, is nearer the truth,’ Kenzy retorted. ‘As Serjeant Shardlake says, he does not think things through. And in truth Somerset cares for nothing but conquering Scotland.’

‘I have occasionally wondered whether perhaps it might be better if the foot of the body politic had the rule,’ I said, greatly daring, ‘given how the head treats the foot.’

Old Margaret Coleswyn was scandalized. ‘You would deny the social order ordained by God? You sound like an Anabaptist, sir, who would bring the land to murder and anarchy!’

I gave her a wintry smile. ‘I recall just three years ago, when accusations of Anabaptism were thrown at every Protestant by religious traditionalists. Strange how readily reformers themselves now throw the name Anabaptist around. Mistress Joan Bocher has been found guilty of Anabaptist heresy, has she not? I believe she is in the care of Lord Chancellor Rich, who tortured Anne Askew. Perhaps she too will be burned. It is strange how the wheels turn.’

The old woman did not reply, but simply looked at me in outrage. There was silence round the table. Then, to the relief of us all, the second course was brought in; a platter of roast beef on a bed of herbs, plates of chicken in lemon juice. Everyone set to with a will.

‘I congratulate you on the fine meal, Mistress Coleswyn,’ Edward Kenzy said eventually.

‘Thank you. It was hard to get everything, things are either scarce or expensive. The merchants hoard goods one month, then sell them the next when prices have risen again.’

‘I know,’ Kenzy said. ‘I think everyone round this table would at least agree the rise in prices is a serious problem.’ He looked around. ‘But what is the cause, hey? Merchants withholding goods so prices rise, yes, but the real problem is the debasement of the coinage. It is no accident we have had two re-coinages this year alone, and that prices rise faster than ever. The root problem is the waste of money on that war in Scotland, which can never be won. The six-year-old Mary, Queen of Scotland is gone to France, now she will never marry King Edward, and there are French troops in Scotland too. I believe that is all the Protector cares about, fighting this unwinnable war to the cost of everyone.’

Nicholas spoke up from his end of the table. ‘But sir, England must protect itself. Every time we have gone to war with France, the Scotch have attacked us in the rear. If we take control of Scotland, we shall have secured our back door.’

‘But the Protector’s campaigns have been disastrous,’ Kenzy replied, irritably. ‘His chain of Scottish forts have fallen one by one, support from Scotch Protestants is non-existent, and our soldiers are deserting. That is the root cause of our troubles, Master Overton. Silver taken out of the coinage and used to finance a failed war. King Henry started this ruination of the coinage, but that is nothing to what the Protector has done since.’

‘I disagree the war has failed,’ Nicholas persisted. ‘A fresh campaign is being prepared even now.’