Умная толпа

57. Dan Gillmor, «Bleak Future Looms If You Don't Take a Stand», Mercury News, 23 March 2002, «http://www.siliconvalley.com/mld/ siliconvalley/2922052.htm» (27 March 2002).

58. Yochai Benkler, «From Consumers to Users: Shifting the Deeper Structures of Regulation Toward Sustainable Commons and User Access», Federal Communications Law Journal 52, 3 (2000): 561, «http:// www.law.indiana.edu/fclj/pubs/v52/no3/benklerl.pdf» (23 March 2002).

59. Steven Johnson, Emergence. The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains Cities, and Software (New York: Scribner, 2001), 100.

60. Anthony M. Townsend, «Life in the Real-Time City: Mobile Telephones and Urban Metabolism», Journal of Urban Technology 7, 2 (August 2000), 87.

61. Jeff Goldman, «The City Transformed», TheFeature com,

22 November 2001, «http://www.thefeature.com/index.jsp?url-article.jsp?pageid=13458» (27 March 2002).

62. Townsend, «Life in the Real-Time City», 104.

63. William J. Mitchell, City of Bits Space, Place, and the Info-bahn (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1995). See also: The City of Bits Web Site, «http://mitpress2.mit.edu/e-books/City_of_Bits/index.html» (27 March 2002).

64. William J. Mitchell, «The Revenge of Place», in report Proceedings, Third International Space Syntax Symposium, Atlanta, 2001, «http:// undertow.arch.gatech.edu/homepages/3sss/papers_pdf/01_mitchell.pdf» (29 March 2002).

65. Andy Clark, «Natural-Born Cyborgs?» in Cognitive Technology Instruments of Mind, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Cognitive Technology, ed. M. Benyon, С Nehaniv, and K. Dautenhahn (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2001), 17.

66. Howard Rheingold, Tools for Thought (New York: Simon amp; Schuster, 1985).

67. Vannevar Bush, «As We May Think», Atlantic Monthly, July 1945.

68. Rheingold, Tools for Thought.

69. J. С R. Licklider, «Man-Computer Symbiosis», IRE Transactions on Human Factors in Electronics HFE-1, March 1960, 4. Reprinted in In Memoriam. J. С R. Licklider, 1915-1990 (Palo Alto: Digital Systems Research Center, 1990), 1.

70. M. Mitchell Waldrop, The Dream Machine: J. С R. Licklider and the Revolution That Made Computing Personal (New York: Viking, 2001).

71. D. С Engelbart, «A Conceptual Framework for the Augmentation of Man's Intellect», in Vistas in Information Handling, vol. 1, ed. D. W. Howerton and D. С Weeks (Washington, D. C: Spartan Books, 1963), 1-29.

72. Wright, Nonzero.