В погоне за памятью. История борьбы с болезнью Альцгеймера

Это, разумеется, упрощение; известно явление под названием «нейропластичность», которое дает этим отделам возможность в какой-то степени заменять друг друга. Более того, именно благодаря нейропластичности жертвы инсульта впоследствии отчасти восстанавливают некоторые функции, поскольку мозг буквально перепрограммирует сам себя.

P. Davies and Maloney, Selective loss of central cholinergic neurons in Alzheimer’s disease.

Perry, Perry, et al., Necropsy evidence of central cholinergic deficits in senile dementia.

Bowen, Smith, et al., Neurotransmitter-related enzymes and indices of hypoxia in senile dementia and other abiotrophies.

B. Taylor, The Last Asylum, p. 249.

Lømo, The discovery of long-term potentiation.

Drachman and Leavitt, Human memory and the cholinergic system.

Bartus, Dean, et al., The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction.

Summers, Viesselman, et al., Use of THA in treatment of Alzheimer’s-like dementia.

Summers, Majovski, et al., Oral tetrahydroaminoacridine in long-term treatment of senile dementia, Alzheimer’s type.

Глава четвертая. Диагноз

Prince, Wimo, et al., World Alzheimer Report 2015.

UK Department of Health, Dementia, p. 6.

Prince, Bryce, Ferri, The benefits of early diagnosis and intervention.

Глава пятая. Ген Альцгеймера

Heston, Mastri, et al., Dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Tanzi, Decoding Darkness, p. 21.

Glenner and Wong, Alzheimer’s disease.

Glenner and Wong, Alzheimer’s disease and Down’s syndrome.

Goldgaber, Lerman, et al., Characterization and chromosomal localization of a cDNA encoding brain amyloid of Alzheimer’s disease; Tanzi, Gusella, et al., Amyloid beta protein gene; Robakis, Ramakrishna, et al., Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the cerebrovascular and the neuritic plaque amyloid peptides; Kang, Lemaire, et al., The precursor of Alzheimer’s disease amyloid A4 protein resembles a cell-surface receptor.

A. Goate, Chartier-Harlin, et al., Segregation of a missense mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene with familial Alzheimer’s disease.

Popham, Dementia: I have a 50:50 chance.

Глава шестая. Громкие заголовки и строгая наука

Эти данные касаются только женщин. У мужчин главной причиной смерти остаются сердечно-сосудистые болезни. Болезнь Альцгеймера чаще поражает женщин, но причины этого неизвестны, иногда полагают, что дело в том, что женщины в принципе живут дольше, а иногда – что дело в генетических различиях.

J. A. Hardy and Higgins, Alzheimer’s disease.

Games, Adams, et al., Alzheimer-type neuropathology in transgenic mice overexpressing V717F beta-amyloid precursor protein.

Duff and Hardy, Mouse model made.

Saunders, Strittmatter, et al., Association of apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4 with late-onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer’s disease.

Roses, On the discovery of the genetic association of Apolipoprotein E genotypes and common late-onset Alzheimer disease.

Strittmatter, Saunders, et al., Apolipoprotein E.

Small, Ercoli, et al., Cerebral metabolic and cognitive decline in persons at genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease.

Herrup, The case for rejecting the amyloid cascade hypothesis.

Переписка с профессором Кароли Николичем.

Shenk, The Forgetting, p. 68.

Глава седьмая. Второй мозг

Fields, The Other Brain, p. 11.

McGeer, Itagaki, et al., Reactive microglia in patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type are positive for the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR.

M. L. Block and Hong, Microglia and inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration; M. L. Block, Zecca, Hong, Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity.

Jebelli, Hooper, Pocock, Microglial p53 activation is detrimental to neuronal synapses during activation-induced inflammation; Jebelli, Su, et al., Glia; Jebelli, Hooper, Garden, Pocock, Emerging roles of p53 in glial cell function in health and disease.

Watkins and Treisman, Cognitive impairment in patients with AIDS.

Schenk, Amyloid-β immunotherapy for Alzheimer’s disease.

По оценкам одного исследования, этот барьер преодолевают лишь 18 %. Arrowsmith, Trial watch.

Hock, Konietzko, et al., Antibodies against beta-amyloid slow cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease.

Spinney, The forgetting gene.

Klunk, Engler, et al., Imaging brain amyloid in Alzheimer’s disease with Pittsburgh Compound-B.

Stein, Four in America, p. 175.

Глава восьмая. Шведские мозги

Arai, Terajima, et al., Tau in cerebrospinal fluid; Blennow and Zetterberg, The application of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease.

Shahim, Tegner, et al., Blood biomarkers for brain injury in concussed professional ice hockey players; Siman, Shahim, et al., Serum SNTF increases in concussed professional ice hockey players and relates to the severity of postconcussion symptoms.

Mapstone, Cheema, et al., Plasma phospholipids identify antecedent memory impairment in older adults.