Жизнь в средневековой деревне

406 E.M.R. P. 249; Dyer. Farming Techniques: the West Midlands // The Agrarian History of England and Wales. Vol. 2. P. 378.

407 Homans. English Villagers in the Thirteenth Century. P. 40.

408 Walter of Henley. P. 13; Raftis. Farming Techniques (East Midlands). P. 327.

409 Dyer. Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society. P. 69.

410 Walter of Henley. P. 15.

411 Maitland. Op. cit. P. 348.

412 Ault. Op. cit. P. 26–27.

413 Cart. Rames. Vol. 1. P. 311; E.M.R. P. 173; Homans. English Villagers in the Thirteenth Century. P. 269–270.

414 Cart. Rames. Vol. 1. P. 311.

415 Ibid. Vol. 1. P. 311, 336.

416 E.M.R. P. 30.

417 Ibid. P. 3.

418 Ibid. P. 69.

419 Cart. Rames. Vol. 1. P. 300.

420 Britton. Op. cit. P. 170–171; Hallam. Op. cit. P. 838.

421 Walter of Henley (Hosbonderie). P. 69.

422 Ault. Op. cit. P. 28.

423 Цит. по: Ibid. P. 31 (Commentary on the Laws of England. Vol. 3. P. 212, 1772).

424 Walter of Henley. P. 69; Homans. English Villagers in the Thirteenth Century. P. 103.

425 Hilton. A Medieval Society. P. 123.

426 Бродель Фернан. Материальная цивилизация, экономика и капитализм, XV–XVIII вв. Т. 1: Структуры повседневности: возможное и невозможное. М.: Прогресс, 1986. С. 139.

427 Ault. Op. cit. P. 29.

428 Walter of Henley (Seneschaucie). P. 99.

429 Ault. Op. cit. P. 42–43.

430 Langdon. Op. cit. P. 103.

431 Duby. Op. cit. P. 270; DuBoulay F. R. H. The Lordship of Canterbury. London, 1966. P. 12.

432 E.M.R. P. 92.

433 Langland. Piers Plowman’s Crede. P. 16–17.

434 Hilton. The English Peasantry in the Later Middle Ages. P. 102–103.

435 Ibid. P. 105.

436 Ibid. P. 97.

437 Trow-Smith. Op. cit. P. 129.

438 Ibid. P. 147.

439 Ibid. P. 159.

440 Thirsk. Farming Techniques. P. 187.

441 Miller, Hatcher. Op. cit. P. 217.

442 Walter of Henley (Hosbonderie). P. 76–77.

443 Trow-Smith. Op. cit. P. 128.

444 Ault. Op. cit. P. 48–49.

445 V.C.H. Hunts. P. 78.

446 Thirsk. Farming Techniques. P. 192–193.

447 Ault. Op. cit. P. 50.

448 Trow-Smith. Op. cit. P. 117, 121; Miller, Hatcher. Op. cit. P. 217.

449 Greig. Plant Resources // The Countryside of Medieval England. P. 121; E.M.R. P. 60.

450 Raftis. Farming Techniques (East Midlands). P. 338; Thirsk. Farming Techniques. P. 195.

451 Walter of Henley (Hosbonderie). P. 77.

452 Gies Joseph, Gies Frances. Life in a Medieval City, New York, 1969. P. 102–103.

453 E.M.R. P. 81.

454 Ibid. P. 303.

455 Cart. Rames. Vol. 1. P. 489–490.

456 E.M.R. P. 52.

457 Ibid. P. 96, 117.

458 Ibid. P. 260.

459 Ibid. P. 64, 111–112, 211.

460 Ibid. P. 13, 64.

461 Ibid. P. LVII.

462 Ibid. P. 5, 45.

463 Ibid. P. 66, 67, 138, 141, 171, 172.

464 Pirenne Henri. Economic and Social History of Medieval Europe. New York, 1937. P. 88.

465 Homans. English Villagers in the Thirteenth Century. P. 236; Raftis. Tenure and Mobility. P. 139.

466 E.M.R. P. 6–7.

467 Postan, Titow. Op. cit.

468 Mollat. Op. cit. P. 178.

469 Vinogradoff. Op. cit. P. 307.

470 Hallam. Op. cit. P. 846.

Глава VIII. Приход

471 Miller, Hatcher. Op. cit. P. 106–107.

472 Godfrey John. The English Parish, 600–1300. London, 1969; Moorman J. R. H. Church Life in England in the Thirteenth Century. Cambridge, 1945. P. 2–9.

473 Cart. Rames. Vol. 2. P. 136.

474 Moorman. Op. cit. P. 24–37; Thompson A. Hamilton. The English Clergy and Their Organization in the Later Middle Ages. Oxford, 1947. P. 101–131.

475 Moorman. Op. cit. P. 26–28.

476 Chronicon de Lanercost. Edinburgh, 1839. P. 158.

477 Moorman. Op. cit. P. 28–31; John Godfrey. Op. cit. P. 74–75.

478 Ibid. P. 76–77.

479 Чосер Дж. Указ. соч. С. 19–20.

480 Moorman. Op. cit. P. 90–91.

481 Ibid. P. 92–94.

482 Ibid. P. 95–98.

483 Myrc. Op. cit. P. 1; Pantin W. A. The English Church in the Fourteenth Century. Cambridge, 1955. P. 195–243.

484 The Autobiography of Giraldus Cambrensis / Ed., trans. H. E. Williams. London, 1937. P. 40.

485 Cart. Rames. Vol. 1. P. 293–294.

486 Ibid. Vol. 1. P. 306.

487 Ibid. Vol. 1. P. 331.

488 Rot. Hund. P. 658.

489 Cart. Rames. Vol. 1. P. 305–306.

490 Ibid. Vol. 1. P. 293.

491 Ibid. Vol. 1. P. 320.

492 E.M.R. P. 196.

493 Ibid. P. 300.

494 Owst. Preaching in Medieval England. P. 31.

495 Moorman. Op. cit. P. 59.

496 Piatt Colin. The Parish Churches of Medieval England. London, 1981. P. 58.

497 Esmein Adhemar. Le Manage en droit canonique / Sous la dir. de R. Genestal. Paris, 1929–1935. Vol. 1. P. 131.

498 Moorman. Op. cit. P. 64–65.

499 Manning. Op. cit. P. 201–203.

500 Chronicon de Lanercost. P. 2–3.

501 Piatt. Op. cit. P. 13–26.

502 Ibid. P. 27–28.

503 Ditchfield P. H. Old Village Life. London, 1920. P. 104–105.

504 Piatt. Op. cit. P. 28–29.