We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among men, deriving their powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of Government becomes destructive of those ends, it is the right of the People to alter or abolish it, and to institute new Government…
It would have been quite impossible to render this into Newspeak while keeping to the sense of the original. The nearest one could come to doing so would be to swallow the whole passage up in the single word crimethink
. A full translation could only be an ideological translation, whereby Jefferson’s[138] words would be changed into a panegyric on absolute government.A good deal of the literature of the past was, indeed, already being transformed in this way. Considerations of prestige made it desirable to preserve the memory of certain historical figures, while at the same time bringing their achievements into line with the philosophy of Ingsoc. Various writers, such as Shakespeare, Milton, Swift[139]
, Byron, Dickens, and some others were therefore in process of translation: when the task had been completed, their original writings, with all else that survived of the literature of the past, would be destroyed. These translations were a slow and difficult business, and it was not expected that they would be finished before the first or second decade of the twenty-first century. There were also large quantities of merely utilitarian literature – indispensable technical manuals, and the like – that had to be treated in the same way. It was chiefly in order to allow time for the preliminary work of translation that the final adoption of Newspeak had been fixed for so late a date as 2050.1949THE END
Vocabulary
A
abide
v жить; ждать; выносить, терпетьabject
adj жалкий, презренный, униженный, несчастныйabolish
v уничтожатьabuse
n злоупотребление; оскорбление, браньadherent
n приверженецalignment
n выравнивание, регулировкаaloofness
n отчужденность, равнодушиеaltercation
n перебранка, ссораanodyne
n болеутоляющее, успокоительное средствоarbitrary
adj спорныйarrest
v остановить, останавливатьash
n (бот.) ясеньassent
n согласие, разрешение, санкцияatrocity
n жестокостьauthentically
adv доподлинно, достоверноB
backbone
n позвоночникbalminess
n (разг.) глупостьbarbed-wire
n колючая проволокаbelfry
n колокольняbicep
n (анат.) бицепсbigot
n слепой приверженец, изувер, фанатикblackmoustachio’d
adj черноусыйbloat
v раздуваться, пухнутьbloke
n (сленг) парень, малыйbluebottle
n (бот.) василек; (зоол.) трупная мухаbooty
n (сленг) награбленное добро, добычаbooziness
n легкая степень опьяненияburly
adj дородный, плотный; большой и сильныйC
cabbage-stalk
n кочерыжкаcalamity
n бедствиеcallous
adj бессердечный; огрубелый, мозолистыйcaption
n крупный заголовок, надписьcarnivorous
adj плотоядныйcasualties
n потери (напр., военные)cat-o’-nine tails
n плетка (семихвостка)celibacy
n целибат, обет безбрачияchastity
n целомудрие; безбрачиеchisel
n долото, стамеска, зубилоclamber
v карабкаться, цеплятьсяclandestinely
adv тайно, скрытно, секретноclaptrap
n трескучая фраза, рассчитанная на дешевый (показной) эффектclove
n чеснок; гвоздика (пряность)collate
v сличать, сопоставлятьcommandment
n заповедьcompendium
n конспект; краткое руководствоconfer
v даровать; обсуждать; сопоставлятьconspicuous
adj заметный, бросающийся в глазаcramp
n судорогаcredible
adj заслуживающий доверияcringe
v съеживаться; раболепствоватьcub
n детеныш (зверя, особ. хищного)culpable
adj виновный; преступныйcumbersome
adj нескладный, громоздкий; обременительныйcyst
n киста, опухоль; выпуклостьD
dace
n елец, плотва (рыба)darning wool
n (устар.) нитка для штопкиdebauchery
n разврат, распущенностьdefiler
n осквернитель; развратитель; пачкунdemeanor
n поведение, манера себя вестиdemur
n колебание; возражение