Catherine the Great & Potemkin: The Imperial Love Affair

17 Ligne, Mélanges vol 24 p 15.

18 Ligne, Letters (Staël) p 72, Ligne to JII December 1787, Elisabethgrad.

19 Pishkevich p 128.

20 Ligne, Mélanges vol 24 pp 11–15.

21 Damas pp 23–5.

22 Ligne, Mélanges vol 21 pp 296–7.

23 AAE 20: 64, Langeron, ‘Résumé des campagnes de 1787, 1788, 1789’.

24 RGVIA 52.2.64.4, Ségur to GAP 7 January 1788, St Petersburg, unpublished.

25 Damas p 25.

26 RGVIA 52.2.48.1, GAP to Cobenzl 15 October 1787, Elisabethgrad, unpublished.

27 Ligne, Mélanges vol 24 p 17. RGVIA 52.2.52.3, GAP to Ligne ud, unpublished.

28 Ligne, Mélanges vol 24 p 18. AVPRI 5.585.179–80, L 282, GAP to CII; and RS (1873) November pp 727–8, L 283, 5 May 1788, Elisabethgrad.

29 Count Fyodor Rostopchin, La Verité sur l’incendie de Moscou, p 27. Aragon p 180. Waliszewski, Autour d’un trône vol 2 p 78. See also GAP on General V. S. Tamara’s Mediterranean missions: RGVIA 52.2.47.11,’m GAP to Prince Kaunitz October 1790, unpublished.

30 SIMPIK KV vol 2 p 9, GAP to Ataman Sidor Bely 2 January 1788, Elisabethgrad. AVPRI 2.2/8a.21.96, L 261, GAP to CII 3 January 1788, Elisabethgrad. SIRIO 27 (1880): 494, CII thanks GAP for founding Cossack forces 20 May 1788, pp 486–7, CII rescript to GAP agreeing to his proposal to complete Cossack forces with coachmen and bourgeois 20 April 1788. GAP’s passion for Cossacks: AKV 13: 227, A. A. Bezborodko to S. R. Vorontsov 17 November 1791. SIRIO 27 (1880): 332–3 CII’s rescript to GAP on precautions to be taken on arranging the return of Nekrazovsky and Zaporogian Cossacks 15 April 1784. Both CII and GAP were initially cautious but GAP ultimately persuaded the Empress. See also Longworth, Cossacks p 229.

31 Ligne, Letters (Staël) p 74, Ligne to JII December 1787. Ligne, Mélanges vol 24 p 41, Ligne to JII 2 March 1788; p 57, Ligne to JII 6 April 1788; vol 21 pp 180–1, ‘Mémoire sur les Juifs’. D. Z. Feldman, Svetleyshiy Knyaz GA Potemkin i Rossiyskiye Evrei, p 186–192. N. A. Engelhardt, Ekaterinskiy kolloss. IV (1908) April p 55–57. Dudakov, S. Y., Istoriya odnogo mipha: Ocherki russkoy literatury XIX–XX, Moscow 1993 p 29–31. Both cited by Feldman. For Napoleon’s Jewish cavalry officer: Berek Joselewicz, see Cecil Roth and Geoffrey Wigoder, New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, London 1975.

32 BM 33540 f408, N. S. Mordvinov 21 September 1787; f442, SB to William Pitt.

33 BM 33540 f453, SB to Pleshichev 7 January 1788, Kherson.

34 Mordvinov to GAP 31 August 1787, quoted in I. R. Christie, ‘Samuel Bentham and the Russian Dnieper Flotilla’ p 176. BM 33540 f487, SB to Jeremiah Bentham 12/27 October 1787; ff365–6, SB to JB 16 May 1787, Kremenchuk; f391, SB to JB ud, 1787; f397, SB to JB 2/13 September 1787, Kherson.

35 MIRF 15: 99, 104, 123, quoted in I. R. Christie, ‘Samuel Bentham and the Russian Dnieper Flotilla’ pp 175–8 and Christie, Benthams in Russia, pp 218–221.

36 Ligne, Mélanges vol 24 pp 20–1.

37 Blanning, JII p 176. Ligne, Mélanges vol 24 pp 44–6, February 1788, Elisabethgrad. AVPRI 5.585.160, GAP to CII 3 January 1788, Elisabethgrad. RGADA 5.85.2.81–4, L 260, CII to GAP 11 January 1788.

38 AVPRI 5.585.175, L 262, GAP to CII 15 January 1788, Elisabethgrad.

39 Ligne, Mélanges vol 24 pp 44–6, Ligne to JII February 1788, Elisabethgrad.

40 RGVIA 52.11.69, Count Joseph de Witte to GAP 13 May 1788, Podolsky-Kamenets. RGADA 11.921.1 and 11.921.9, Witte to GAP 6–8 October 1787, unpublished.

41 RGVIA 52.2.52.5, GAP to Ligne 3 April 1788; and RGVIA 52.2.52.6, 2/13 May 1788, unpublished.

42 Ligne, Mélanges vol 24 p 49, Ligne to JII February 1788, Elisabethgrad.

43 AVPRI 5.585.168–73, L 265, GAP to CII; and RGADA 5.85.2.88, L 274, CII to GAP 8 March 1788.

44 RGADA 5.85.2.97, L 284, CII to GAP 7 May 1788, Tsarskoe Selo.

45 AVPRI 5.585.160, GAP to CII 3 January 1788, Elisabethgrad.

46 AVPRI 5.585.168–73, L 265, GAP to CII.

47 Memoirs of the Life of Prince Potemkin p 148. Ligne, Letters (Staël) pp 78–9, May 1788.

48 BM 33540 f395, SB to JB 30 August–2 September 1787.

49 BM 33558 f424, SB to Henry Fanshawe 2/13 September 1787, Kremenchuk.

50 BM 33540 f487, SB to JB 12/23 October 1788.

51 MIRF 15: 86, quoted in I. R. Christie, ‘Samuel Bentham and the Russian Dnieper Flotilla’, pp 175–8, and Christie, Benthams in Russia, pp 218–21.

52 AVPRI 2.2/8a.21.94, L 248, GAP to CII 1 November 1787.

53 BM 33540 f487, SB to Jeremiah Bentham.

54 MIRF 15: 60–90, quoted in I. R. Christie, ‘Samuel Bentham and the Russian Dnieper Flotilla’, pp 175–8, and Christie, Benthams in Russia, pp 218–21.

55 Ligne, Mélanges vol 7 p 158, Ligne to Ségur 8 May 1787.

56 AAE 20: 71, Langeron, ‘Résumé des campagnes’.

57 Damas p 32.

58 RGVIA 52.2.82.1, GAP to N-S 26 March 1788, Elisabethgrad, unpublished.

59 Damas pp 32–3.

60 Aragon p 203, N-S to wife 18 March 1788.