Catherine the Great & Potemkin: The Imperial Love Affair

67 RS (1876) November pp 417–8, 1 GAP to CII June 1790.

68 RGADA 5.85.2.227, CII to GAP 27 April 1790.

69 RGADA 1.1/1.43.17, L 419, GAP to CII 19 June 1790.

70 Madariaga, Russia p 414. Austria’s withdrawal from the Russian alliance was partly blamed by Wraxall on Leopold’s hearing of GAP’s rudeness. But Russian anger was the least of Leopold’s problems. However, it is very likely that GAP was furious at the loss of the Austrian alliance. Wraxall claims GAP had ‘ebullitions of rage’. Wraxall p 171.

71 RGADA 5.85.2.239, L 422, CII to GAP 17 July 1790.

72 RGADA 5.85.2.245–6, L 425, CII to GAP 9 August 1790.

73 RGADA 1.1/1.43.38, L 427, GAP to CII 16 August 1790, Bender.

74 AAE 20: 179, Langeron, ‘Evénements 1790’

75 Dubrovin p 20, quoted in Lopatin, Potemkin i Suvorov p 182.

76 RP 2.1 p 36. RP 4.1 p 19. RP 1.2 p 85. Vigée Lebrun vol 1 pp 319–20. AAE 20: 138, Langeron, ‘Evénements 1790’. Golovina pp 24–5. RGVIA 52.2.52.1, Ligne to GAP ud but probably 18 October 1789 or even 1790 from Vienna because it mentions that young Charles de Ligne is serving with GAP and Ismail may be taken. Unpublished. Ligne’s handwriting is notoriously hard to decipher. This marks another stage in the reconciliation of Ligne and GAP after Ochakov: ‘I often feel the need to tell my dear Prince I love him tenderly and, for the first time in my life, absence doesn’t make any difference…What unhappiness for me that I can’t see…Madame Samoilov…and those who surround you in Moldavia whom I so like and who so adore you…’.

77 SIRIO 54 (1886): 111–98, Richelieu, ‘Mon voyage’. RP 4.2 p 152.

78 SIRIO 54 (1886): 147–9, Richelieu, ‘Mon voyage’.

79 SIRIO 54 (1886): pp 147–9, Richelieu, ‘Mon voyage’.

80 AAE 20: 158, Langeron, ‘Evénements 1790’.

81 RGVIA 52.2.47.12, GAP to Kaunitz October 1790, Bender, unpublished.

82 SIRIO 54 (1886): 147–9, Richelieu, ‘Mon voyage’.

83 AAE 20: 160, Langeron, ‘Evénements 1790’.

84 Vigée Lebrun vol 1 p 321.

85 Engelhardt 1868 p 88.

86 Engelhardt 1868 p 88. AAE 20: 226, Langeron, ‘Evénements 1790’.

87 SIRIO 54 (1886): 152, Richelieu, ‘Mon voyage’.

88 SIRIO 54 (1886): 147–9, Richelieu, ‘Mon voyage’. AAE 20: 226, Langeron, ‘Evénements 1790’.

89 Golovina pp 24–5.

90 AAE 20: 143, Langeron, ‘Evénements 1790’. Pushkin, Polnoye Sobraniye Sochineniya vol 12 p 173. Pushkin’s story is set at Ochakov with a countess, but the real events are more likely to have taken place at Bender with Princess Dolgorukaya in 1790.

91 Engelhardt 1997 p 88.

92 Vigée Lebrun vol 1 p 321. AAE 20: 226, Langeron, ‘Evénements 1790’.

93 RGVIA 52.2.71.9, GAP to Princess Lubomirska 2 August 1790, ‘Not a moment for myself’, and RGVIA 52.2.71.8, GAP agrees to cede Dubrovna 20 July 1790, Czerdack near Jassy, unpublished. On Polish politics: RGVIA 52.2.70.12, GAP to Branicki 28 February 1790 on the Hetmanate; RGADA 11.946.56, Baron Ivan I. d’Asch to GAP 23 July/3 August 1790, and document 65 d’Asch thanks GAP for present of a Turkish manuscript. RGVIA 52.2.7.2, SA to GAP 22 July 1790, Warsaw; RGVIA 52.2.68.26, Count Felix Potocki to GAP 1 May NS 1790, Vienna. All unpublished. On reforms of army, Cossacks and Guards regiments: RGADA 1.1/1.43.24–6, L 414, GAP to CII May 1790. G. S. Vinsky, Moe vremya, zapiski with new introduction by Isabel de Madariaga. Vinsky p 100. Vinsky grumbles that GAP is filling the Guards with ‘all kinds of raznochintsky and even Asiatics’. AKV 9: 270, S. R. Vorontsov complains of the same 7 November 1792, quoted in Duffy, Russia’s Military Way p 138. On Cossack recruitment: SIMPIK KV vol 2 p 39, GAP to Chepega 9 November 1790, Bender. On the Kuban war: Dubrovin, Istoriya voyny vol 2 pp 260–1, Yury Bogdanovich Bibikov to GAP 16 February 1790; p 269, GAP to General de Balmain 26 June 1790; and p 269, GAP to I. V. Gudovich 24 December 1790. Also SBVIM vol 8 p 9, GAP to Y. B. Bibikov 23 February 1790. On naval war, vol 7 p 107, GAP to José de Ribas 8 July 1790; p 139, GAP to Ribas 17 August 1790. On signals for fleet: vol 8 p 18, GAP to Ribas 14 March 1790. On Nikolaev: ZOOID 8: 200, GAP on Nikolaev Church, orders to Starov and architects and orders to Faleev on 24 August 1790, quoted in Kruchkov.

94 RGADA 5.85.2.266, L 440, CII to GAP October 1790.

95 RGADA 5.85.2.251–4, L 430, CII to GAP 29 August 1790.

96 RGADA 5.85.2.256–7, L 434, CII to GAP 11 September 1790. RGADA 5.85.2.266, L 439, CII to GAP October 1790.