3. Berthoud memo, April 18, 1951, EP 1531/204, FO 371/91527; Bevin to Frank, April 12,1950, EP 1531/37, FO 371/82395, PRO. «The Iranian Oil Crisis,» 3460, DeGolyer papers; Raymond Venlon, «Planning for a Commodity Oil Market,» in Daniel Yergin and Barbara Rates-Garnick, eds., The Reshaping of the Oil Industry: Just Another Commodity?
(Cambridge: Cambridge Energy Research Associates, 1985), pp. 25–33 («Minister and Manager»); Louis, British Empire, p. 56 («no power or influence»); Francis Williams, A Prime Minister Remembers: The War and Postwars of Earl Attlee (London: Heinemann, 1961), pp. 178–79; Robert Stobaugh, «The Evolution of Iranian Oil Policy, 1925–1975,» in Iran Under the Pahlavis, ed. George Lenczowski (Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1978), p. 206; James A. Bill and William Roger Louis, eds., Mossadiq, Iranian Nationalism, and Oil (London: I. B. Tauris & Co., 1988), p. 8 («West End gentlemen»).4. NA 886D.2553 «Gulf Oil Company Difficulties,» June 4, 1951, 6–451; «Gulf Oil Talks with Anglo-Iranian,» March 29, 1951, 3–2951 («did not dare»), RG 59, NA. Bill and Louis, Mossadiq,
p. 247 («fingertips» and «tough bargaining»); Time, August 1, 1949, p. 58 («came with the shale»); Minutes of Meeting, August 2, 1950, EP 1531/40, FO 371/82375, PRO; Sampson, Seven Sisters, p. 134 («Glasgow accountant»); Interviews with Robert Belgrave («skinflint») and George McGhee.5. Louis, British Empire,
p. 645 (Fraser); Interview with Peter Ramsbotham («Bombshell»); Rouhollah K. Ramazani, Iran's Foreign Policy, 1941–1973: A Study of Foreign Policy in Modernizing Nations (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1975), pp. 192–96 («misfortunes»); Abrahamian, Iran, p. 266 («sacred mission» and «stooge»); Norman Kemp, Abadan: A First-Hand Account of the Persian Oil Crisis (London: Allan Wingate, 1953), pp. 27–28. Meeting at Foreign Office, January 16, 1951, EP 1531/112, FO 371/ 91524; Shepherd to Morrison, «Political Situation in Persia,» July 9, 1951, EP 1015/269, FO 248/1514 (1951), part IV («Former Company,» «abolished» and «no further»), PRO. On the governor and the sheep, see Lapping, End of Empire, pp. 208–9; Times (London), June 9, 11, 1951; New York Times, June 9, 10, 11, 1951.6. Roy Mottahedeh, The Mantle of the Prophet: Religion and Politics in Iran
(London: Penguin, 1987), pp. 122–25 («pure»). «Biographic Outline, Mohammed Mossadeq,» Memorandum for the President, October 22, 1951; CIA, «Probable Developments in Iran Through 1953,» NIE-75/1, January 9, 1953, President's Secretary's File, Truman papers. H. W. Brands, Inside the Cold War: hoy Henderson and the Rise of the American Empire, 1918–1961 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming), chap. 18 (fainting spells); Anthony Eden, Full Circle (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1960), p. 219 («Old Mossy»); Painter, Oil and the American Century, p. 173 («colonial exploiter»); Acheson, Present at the Creation, p. 651 («great actor»); Interviews with George McGhee and Peter Ramsbotham («Moslem»); Vernon Waiters, Silent Missions (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1978), p. 262; С. M. Woodhouse, Something Ventured (London: Granada, 1982), pp. 113–14; Louis, British Empire, pp. 651–53 («lunatic» and «cunning»); Paul Nitze, From Hiroshima to Glasnost, pp. 130–37.7. Interviews; Louis, British Empire,
pp. 667–74 («Suez Canal»); Notes, June 27, 1951, EP 1531/870, FO 371/91555, PRO (Churchill); Alistair Home, Harold Macmillan, vol. 1, 1894–1956, (New York: Viking, 1988), p. 310; H. W. Brands, «The Cairo-Tehran Connection in Anglo-American Rivalry in the Middle East, 1951–1953,» International History Review, 11 (1989), pp. 438–40 («scuttle and surrender»).