• Вас или вашу мать когда-либо госпитализировали? Разлучали ли вас насильно (возможно, вы провели какое-то время в инкубаторе, или были в больнице для удаления аденоидов, либо же мать нуждалась в операции или восстановлении после тяжелых родов, и т. п.)?
• Перенесла ли мать какую-либо травму или эмоциональное потрясение в первые три года вашей жизни?
• Теряла ли мать ребенка, был ли у нее выкидыш до вашего рождения?
• Было ли внимание матери поглощено каким-либо травмирующим событием, связанным с вашими братом или сестрой (выкидыш на позднем сроке, мертворожденный младенец, смерть, чрезвычайная ситуация медицинского характера, пр.)?
Примечания
Глава 1. Травмы: потерянные и найденные
1. Mary Sykes Wylie, “The Limits of Talk: Bessel Van Kolk Wants to Transform the Treatment of Trauma,” Psychotherapy Networker, July 16, 2015, www.psychotherapynetworker.org/magazine/article/818/the-limits-of-talk
.2. R. Yehuda and J. Seckl, “Minireview: Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders with Low Cortisol Levels: A Metabolic Hypothesis,” Endocrinology, October 4, 2011, http://press.endocrine.org/doi/full/10.1210/en.2011–1218
.3. R. C. Kessler, et al., “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey,” Archives of General Psychiatry 52(12) (1995):1048–60, doi:10.1001/arch psych.1995.03950240066012.
4. Judith Shulevitz, “The Science of Suffering,” The New Republic, November 16, 2014, www.newrepublic.com/article/120144/trauma-genetic-scientists-say-parents-are-passing-ptsd-kids
.5. Josie Glausiusz, “Searching Chromosomes for the Legacy of Trauma,” Nature, June 11, 2014, doi:10.1038/nature.2014.15369, www.nature.com/news/searching-chromosomes-for-the-legacy-of-trauma-1.15369
.6. Rachel Yehuda, interview with Krista Tippett, On Being, July 30, 2015, www.onbeing.org/program/rachel-yehuda-how-trauma-and-resilience-cross-generations/7786
.7. Ibid.
Глава 2. Три поколения общей семейной истории: тело семьи
1. C. E. Finch and J. C. Loehlin, “Environmental Influences That May Precede Fertilization: A First Examination of the Prezygotic Hypothesis from Maternal Age Influences on Twins,” Behavioral Genetics 28(2) (1998): 101.
2. Thomas W. Sadler, Langman’s Medical Embryology, 9th ed. (Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009), 13.
3. Finch and Loehlin, “Environmental Influences That May Precede Fertilization,”101-2.
4. Tracy Bale, “Epigenetic and Transgenerational Reprogramming of Brain Development,” Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16 (2015): 332–44; doi:10.1038/ nrn3818.
5. Bruce H. Lipton, “Maternal Emotions and Human Development,” Birth Psychology, https://birthpsychology.com/free-article/maternal-emotions-and-human-development
.6. Bruce H. Lipton, PhD, The Wisdom of Your Cells: How Your Beliefs Control Your Biology (Louisville, CO: Sounds True, Inc., 2006), audiobook, Part 3.
7. Ibid.
8. K. Bergman, et al., “Maternal Prenatal Cortisol and Infant Cognitive Development: Moderation by Infant-Mother Attachment,” Biological Psychiatry 67(11) (June 2010): 1026–32, doi:10.1016/ j.biopsych.2010.01.002, Epub February 25, 2010.
9. Thomas Verny, MD, and Pamela Weintraub, Nurturing the Unborn Child: A Nine-Month Program for Soothing, Stimulating, and Communicating with Your Baby (e-book) (New York: Open Road Media, 2014), in the chapter “Why the Program Works.”
10. Ibid.
11. Lipton, “Maternal Emotions and Human Development.”
12. Ibid.
13. “Definition of Epigenetics,” MedicineNet.com, www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26386
.14. Alice Park, “Junk DNA – Not So Useless After All,” Time, September 6, 2012, http://healthland.time.com/2012/09/06/junk-dna-not-so-useless-after-all/
.15. Danny Vendramini, “Noncoding DNA and the Teem Theory of Inheritance, Emotions and Innate Behavior,” Medical Hypotheses 64 (2005): 512–19, esp.p.513, doi:10.1016/ j.mehy.2004.08.022.
16. Park, “Junk DNA – Not So Useless After All.”
17. Michael K. Skinner, “Environmental Stress and Epigenetic Transgenerational Inheritance,” BMC Medicine 12(153) (2014): 1–5, esp.pp. 1, 3, www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/12/153
.18. Vendramini, “Noncoding DNA and the Teem Theory of Inheritance, Emotions and Innate Behavior,” 513.