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Europe's inner demons

44 Hoffmann-Krayer, op. cit., p. 317.

45 See above, p. 243.

46 Quoted, from a manuscript in the Library of the University of Glasgow, by Dr Christina Larner in her thesis Scottish demonology in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and its theological background, Appendix II, pp. 272-5. The thesis was submitted at the University of Edinburgh in 1961 under Dr Larner’s maiden name, Christina Ross.

— 4 —

47 Malleus Maleficarum, part I, question vi.

48 A. Macfarlane, op. cit., pp. 161, 205-6; K. V. Thomas, Religion and the decline of magic, London, 1971, pp. 560-7.

49 H. C. E. Midelfort, Witch hunting in Southwestern Germany, Stanford University Press, 1972, pp. 184-5.

50 Malleus Maleficarum, part III, question viii.

51 G. Bader, Die Hexenprozesse in der Schweiz, Affoltern a. A., 1945.

52 Ibid., pp. 219, 217.

53 Midelfort, op. cit.

54 Ibid. p. 32

55 Ibid., p. 89.

56 Ibid., pp. 96-8.

57 Ibid., p. 97.

58 Ibid., p. 137.

59 The point is well documented in E. Delcambre, “Les procès de sorcellerie en Lorraine. Psychologie des juges”, in Tijdschrift voor rechtsgeschiedenis, vol. XXI, Groningen, Brussels, The Hague, 1953, pp. 389–420; see also the same author’s “La psychologie des inculpés lorrains de sorcellerie”, in Revue historique de droit français et étranger, series 4, vol. XXXII, Paris, 1954, pp. 383–404, 508-26.

60 For a particularly clear example, studied in detail, see P. Villette, “La sorcellerie à Douai”, in Mélanges de Science religieuse, vol. 18, Lille, 1961, pp. 123-73.

POSTSCRIPT: PSYCHO-HISTORICAL SPECULATIONS

1 Apart from my own writings, this approach has found most favour in France; e.g. A. Besançon, Le Tsarévitch immolé, Paris, 1967; L. Poliakov, Le Mythe aryen, Paris, 1971.

2 Cf. J. A. Macculloch, The childhood of fiction: a study of folk tales and primitive thought, London, 1905, pp. 278 seq.

3 In Kinder- und Hausmärchen gesammelt durch die Brüder Grimm (first published 1837) Hansel and Gretel is No. 15, Snow White No. 53.

4 Cf. W. Lederer, “Historical consequences of father-son hostility”, in The Psychoanalytic Review, vol. 54, No. 2, New York, 1967, pp. 52–80; W. Lederer, The fear of women, New York and London, 1968, pp. 61-6; G. Devereux, “The cannibalistic impulses of parents”, in The Psychoanalytic Forum, vol. I, No. 1, Beverley Hills, California, 1966, pp. 114-24.

5 Cf. F. Fornari, “Fantasmes d’agression”, in Études polémologiques, No. 10, Paris, October 1973.

INDEX

Abundia (Habonde), supernatural queen, 214,237

Accusatory procedure, 22-3,24,160-3

Adeline, Guillaume, alleged witch, 230,232,238

Adhémar de Chabannes, chronicler, 21

Aelsie, in maleficium case, 153-4

Æthelstan, Anglo-Saxon king, 150

Agape, early Christian feast, 10,11,17

Agobard, bishop of Lyons, 152

Alciati, Andrea, lawyer, 143

Alain de Lille, theologian, 22

Alexander III, pope, 78

Alexander IV, pope, 176,177

Animal-god, worship of, as accusation, xi; against early Christians, 2; against Jews, 5–6 See also Devil-worship; Demons: in animal form

Antichrist, 19,129, 235

Angelo of Poli, member of Fraticelli, 46-7

Antiochus Epiphanes, Seleucid monarch, 5, 7–8

Antonio of Sacco, member of Fraticelli, 47-8

Apion, Greek writer, 5,7–8

Apollodorus of Cassandreia, tyrant, 6–7

Apostasy, temptation to, 97, 261-2; witch as symbol of, 102,252; invocation as, in Aquinas, 176; in Kyteler case, 199; in Simmerthal case, 205; in early witch-trials, 226; See also Sacrilege

Apuleius, 207, 208,220

Arnald of Vilianova, on ritual magic,165

Athenagoras, Christian apologist, 3

Attalus, Christian martyr, 4

Aubryot, Hugues, provost of Paris, 196

Augustine, St, on Montanists, 16; on Manichees, 17; on fallen angels, 66; on magic, 156,159,175,176,193; on incubi and succubi, 175, 234; not concerned with night-witches, 210; or with flying women, 211 n.