Грамматика для написания научных статей

6. I've done just ___ as much shopping as anyone can do in one day!

7. The film was every ___ as entertaining as I expected it to be.

8. Most of Winterson's books are good, but I think this one is the best of ___all.

9. The boat drifted ___and no one noticed Sue had fallen into the sea.

10. The hotel was a ___ more expensive than I expected, so I looked for a cheaper one.

11. This crossword puzzle isn't quite as easy ___ I thought it was.

12. Helen's paintings were far and ___ the best in the exhibition.

Home assignment: Academic Vocabulary in Use Units 4, 5.

Lesson 5. Prepositions and phrasal verbs

Prepositions – which include all those little words such as in, on, ca, for, and by – are difficult words for language learners since they do not appear to operate according to a clear set of rules. They are often used idiomatically with verbs and adjectives, and a preposition used with a verb can even change the meaning of the verb. Since there are many hundreds of prepositional phrases you should keep a preposition notebook or a section in a notebook and each time you come across a new usage, make a note of it.

Prepositions of Location

1. Prepositions can be used to describe how one thing is located in relation to another.

on the table, at the table, next to the table, under the table.

2. Another important use of propositions is to show where something is located in a space. Look at the diagram below to see how prepositions are used to describe location on a page.

in the comer

at the top/bottom

in the center/middle

on the side

a = in the upper left corner

b = at the top of the page

c = іn the upper right comer

d = on the left hand side of the page

e = in the center/middle of the page

f = on the right hand side of the page

g = in the lower left corner

h = at the bottom of the page

і = іn the lower right corner

3. Note the following common uses of at to describe a location.

at home, at school, at work, at a party, at the post office

4. Note the following common uses of on to describe a location.

on the fifth floor, on a farm, on a bicycle, on a train

5. Note the following common uses of in to describe a location.

in bed, in jail, in a picture, in a mirror, in one's hand, in the water, in the newspaper, in the front row, in a car, in a taxi

6. The prepositions at, on, and in are also used to describe someone’s address.

at + specific address (He lives at 950 Collins Si reel, Tacoma.)

on + a street (He lives on Collins Street.)

in + a city, state, and country (He lives in Tacoma/in Washington/ in the United States.)

Prepositions of Time

The prepositions at, on, and in are also used to indicate time and are frequently confused.

1. The preposition at is used with a specific time of the day.

He got up at 6 o'clock.

2. The preposition on is used with days of the week and dales.

John Fitzgerald Kennedy was assassinated оn November 22, 1963.

The preposition in is used with parts of the day, months, seasons, years, a time in the future.

Madame Curie won her second Nobel Prize in 1911.

The scientists will be presenting their report in a week.

You can say in the morning, but if you state the specific day of the week, you must use the preposition on ~ on Saturday morning.

Another exception is the use of at with night – at night.

Note you say get into and out of a car or a taxi, but get on and off a bus or train.

Note that the following expressions of place and direction using the noun home include no prepositions: to go home, to arrive home, to be/stay home.

Task 1. Insert an appropriate preposition in the following sentences.

1. She is living _______ Denver, Colorado.

2. Her parents live _____ the same street.

3. Her brother lives ____ 356 Clinton Street.

4. He knocked the glass __ the table and it smashed on the the floor.

5. It often rains __ the afternoon.

6. It often rains ___ night.

7. She got ___ the bus ___ the library.

8. They signed the document ___ the lower right-hand corner.

9. _________ Thursday, he sat _his desk and put his papers ___a drawer.

10. He wrote his name ___ the top of a sheet of paper ___his desk.

Task 2. Use these words or groups of words to complete this page. The first or the last letter is given.

Tricky Prepositions

1. Since indicates a point in lime at which something started. For indicates I he length of a period of time. During indicates that something occurred at some time within a period.