Читаем Как избежать климатических катастроф? План Б 4.0: спасение цивилизации полностью

52 Andrew Balmford et al., “The Worldwide Costs of Marine Protected Areas”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciemces , vol. 101, no. 26 (29 June 2004), pp. 9694–9697; Tim Radford, “Marine Parks Can Solve Global Fish Crisis, Experts Say”, Guardian (London), 15 June 2004.

53 Balmford et al., op. cit. note 52; Radford, op. cit. note 52.

54 Radford, op. cit. note 52; Richard Black, “Protection Needed for ‘Marine Serengetis’”, BBC News , 4 August 2003; Balmford et al., op. cit. note 52.

55 American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), “Leading Marine Scientists Release New Evidence that Marine Reserves Produce Enormous Benefits within Their Boundaries and Beyond”, пресс-релиз (Washington, DC: 12 March 2001); “Scientific Consensus Statement on Marine Reserves and Marine Protected Areas” – представлено на ежегодной встрече AAAS, 15–20 февраля 2001 г.

56 AAAS, op. cit. note 55; “Scientific Consensus Statement”, op. cit. note 55, p. 2.

57 R. J. Diaz, J. Nestlerode and M. L. Diaz, “A Global Perspective on the Effects of Eutrophication and Hypoxia on Aquatic Biota” в сборнике: G. L. Rupp and M. D. White, eds., Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Fish Physiology, Toxicology and Water Quality, Estonia, 12–15 May 2003 (Athens, GA: EPA, Ecosystems Research Division, 2004); UNEP, GEO Yearbook 2003 (Nairobi: 2004); R. J. Diaz and R. Rosenberg, “Spreading Dead Zones and Consequences for Marine Ecosystems”, Science , vol. 321 (15 August 2008), pp. 926–929.

58 WWF, Hard Facts, Hidden Problems: A Review of Current Data of Fishing Subsidies (Washington, DC: 2001), pp. ii; Balmford et al., op. cit. note 52; Radford, op. cit. note 52; рыбопромысловые субсидии включают в себя «плохие» субсидии и субсидии на топливо, по оценкам Fisheries Center, University of British Columbia, Catching More Bait: A Bottom-Up Re-Estimation of Global Fisheries Subsidies (2nd version) (Vancouver, BC: 2006), p. 21.

59 U.N. Population Division, World Ðopulation Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database – см. esa.un.org/unpp, данные обновлены 11 марта 2009.

60 World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), “Problems: Inadequate Protection” – см. www.panda.org, просмотрено автором 8 мая 2009 г.

61 Conservation International, “Biodiversity Hotspots” – см. www. biodiversityhotspots.org, просмотрено автором 8 мая 2009 г.

62 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, “The Endangered Species Act of 1973” – см. www.fws.gov/endangered, просмотрено автором 31 июля 2007 г.

63 Данные для таблицы 8–1 взяты из следующих источников: по высаживанию деревьев для уменьшения наводнений и защиты плодородного слоя почвы полей – из публикации Lester R. Brown and Edward C. Wolf, “Reclaiming the Future” в книге Lester R. Brown et al., State of the World 1988 (New York: W.W Norton & Company, 1988), p. 174, с использованием данных из FAO, Fuelwood Supplies in the Developing Countries, Forestry Paper 42 (Rome: 1983); по выращиванию деревьев для поглощения углерода – IPCC, op. cit. note 27, pp. 543, 559; по восстановлению пастбищ – UNEP, Status of Desertification and Implementation of the United Nations Plan of Action to Combat Desertification (Nairobi: 1991), pp. 73–92; по восстановлению рыбных ресурсов – Balmford et al., op. cit. note 52; по защите биологического разнообразия – World Parks Congress, Recommendations of the Vth IUCN World Parks Congress (Durban, South Africa: 2003), pp. 17–19, и из World Park Congress, “The Durban Accord” – см. www.iucn.org/themes/wcpa, просмотрено автором 19 октября 2007 г.; по регулированию потребления воды – собственные оценки автора.

64 Chong, op. cit. note 16.

65 Brown and Wolf, op. cit. note 63, p. 175.

66 Runsheng Yin et al., “China’s Ecological Rehabilitation: The Unprecedented Efforts and Dramatic Impacts of Reforestation and Slope Protection in Western China” в Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, China Environment Forum , China Environment Series, Issue 7 (Washington. DC: 2005), pp. 17–32.

67 Brown and Wolf, op. cit. note 63, p. 176.

68 IPCC, op. cit. note 27, p. 543, 559.

69 Brown and Wolf, op. cit. note 63, pp. 173–174.

70 Там же, p. 174.

71 Там же.

72 Там же.

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