Как избежать климатических катастроф? План Б 4.0: спасение цивилизации

12 IFA, IFADATA , op. cit. note 5; IFA, Country Reports, op. cit. note 5, pp. 8, 19, 21; USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1; USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Crop Production 2008 Summary (Washington, DC: January 2009), p. 5.

13 USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1.

14 Lester R. Brown, Eco-Economy (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001), pp. 145–146; Thomas R. Sinclair, “Limits to Crop Yield?” in American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, Physiology and Determination of Crop Yield (Madison, WI: 1994), pp. 509–532; USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1.

15 U.N. Population Division, op. cit. note 3; World Bank, “Malawi, Fertilizer Subsidies and the World Bank” – см. web.worldbank.org, просмотрено 14 июля 2008 г.; Celia W. Dugger, “Ending Famine, Simply by Ignoring the Experts”, New York Times , 2 December 2007; USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1.

16 Ben Block, “African Leaders Pursue ‘Malawi Miracle’”, Eye on Earth – см. www.worldwatch.org от 26 мая 2009 г.

17 USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 12, pp. 5, 13.

18 USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1; данные за 1950 г. взяты из публикации: USDA, in Worldwatch Institute, Signposts 2001 , CD-ROM (Washington, DC: 2001).

19 Jorge Sanchez and Jiang Junyang, China Grain and Feed Annual 2009 (Beijing: USDA, March 2009); USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1.

20 A. Govindian, Indian Grain and Feed Annual 2009 (New Delhi: USDA, February 2009); USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1; U.N. Population Division, op. cit. note 3.

21 Richard Magleby, “Soil Management and Conservation” in USDA, Agricultural Resources and Environmental Indicators 2003 (Washington, DC: February 2003), Chapter 4.2, p. 14.

22 USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1; Randall D. Schnepf et al., Agriculture in Brazil and Argentina (Washington, DC: USDA ERS, 2001), pp. 8–10.

23 Pedro Sanchez, “The Climate Change-Soil Fertility-Food Security Nexus”, summary note (Bonn: IFPRI, 4 September 2001).

24 Edward Cody, “Chinese Lawmakers Approve Measure to Protect Private Property Rights”, Washington Post , 17 March 2007; Jim Yardley, “China Nears Passage of Landmark Property Law”, New York Times , 9 March 2007; Zhu Keliang and Roy Prosterman, “From Land Rights to Economic Boom”, China Business Review , July-August 2006.

25 Данные о производительности земли – USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1, данные до 1961 г. взяты из USDA, Worldwatch Institute, op. cit. note 18; оценки количества воды, необходимой для выращивания зерна, взяты из публикации: FAO, Yield Response to Water (Rome: 1979).

26 Данные по использованию воды взяты из I. A. Shiklomanov, “Assessment of Water Resources and Water Availability in the World”, Report for the Comprehensive Assessment of the Freshwater Resources of the World (St. Petersburg, Russia: State Hydrological Institute, 1998), цитируется по Peter H. Gleick, The World’s Water 2000–2001 (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2000), p. 53; Sandra Postel and Amy Vickers, “Boosting Water Productivity” in Worldwatch Institute, State of the World 2004 (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2004), pp. 51–52.

27 Wang Shucheng, личная беседа с автором, Пекин, май 2004 г.

28 FAO, Crops and Drops (Rome: 2002), p. 17; Alan Vidal, Aline Comeau and Hervеˆ Plusquellec, Case Studies on Water Conservation in the Mediterranean Region (Rome: FAO, 2001), p. vii.

29 Postel and Vickers, op. cit. note 26, p. 53.

30 Sandra Postel et al., “Drip Irrigation for Small Farmers: A New Initiative to Alleviate Hunger and Poverty”, Water International , March 2001, pp. 3–13.

31 Там же.

32 “Punjab’s Depleting Groundwater Stagnates Agricultural Growth”, Down to Earth , vol. 16, no. 5 (30 July 2007).

33 R. Maria Saleth and Arial Dinar, Water Challenge and Institutional Response: A Cross-Country Perspective (Washington, DC: World Bank, 1999), p. 6; Comisi o n Nacional del Agua (CONAGUA), National Water Program 2007–2012 (Coyoac a n, Mexico: February 2008), p. 71.

34 World Bank and Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, Summary Report, Middle East and North Africa Regional Water Initiative Workshop on Sustainable Groundwater Management, Sana’a, Yemen, 25–28 June 2000, p. 19; Mei Xie, cтарший специалист по водным ресурсам из World Bank Institute, электронное письмо Дж. Мэттью Роуни, Earth Policy Institute, 10 июля 2009 г.