Читаем Как избежать климатических катастроф? План Б 4.0: спасение цивилизации полностью

77 Данные по домашней птице взяты из Bishop et al., op. cit. note 39; по говядине – из Baker, op. cit. note 39; по рыбе – из Naylor et al., op. cit. note 39.

78 Площадь земель оценена на основе данных, приведенных в работе: Stanley Wood, Kate Sebastian and Sara J. Scherr, Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems: Agroecosystems (Washington, DC: IFPRI and World Resources Institute, 2000), p. 3.

79 Данные об эффективности взяты из USDA, NASS, Agricultural Statisctics 2008 (Washington, DC: 2008), p. I-21, III-16.

80 USDA, PS&D , op. cit. note 1; USDA, Feedgrains Database , op. cit. note 1; U.N. Population Division, op. cit. note 3.

81 Затраты на приобретение земли взяты из Joachim von Braun, IFPRI, цитируется по Joe DeCapua, “Food Crisis Triggers Land Grab in Developing Countries, Voice of America News, 29 April 2009.

К ГЛАВЕ 10

1 Питер Голдмарк, Фонд защиты окружающей среды, послание автору по электронной почте 28 июня 2009 г.

2 Lester R. Brown, “Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization?”, Scientific American , May 2009, pp. 50–57.

3 Mohammad Yunus and Karl Weber, Creating a World Without Poverty (New York: PublicAffairs, 2008), p. 105.

4 Йостин Дале, дискуссия с автором на Конференции о состоянии мира, Аспен, Колорадо, 22 июля 2001 г.

5 Норвегия, Коста-Рика и Мальдивы из Сети нейтрального климата Программы ООН по окружающей среде, «Страны» – см.: www.unep. org/climateneutral, просмотрено 24 июня 2009 г.; Olivia Lang, “Maldives Vows to be First Carbon-neutral Nation”, Reuters , 15 March 2009.

6 UNEP, “UNEP Unveils the Climate Neutral Network to Catalyze a Transition to a Low Carbon World” press release (Nairobi: Climate Neutral Network, 21 February 2008).

7 Redefining Progress, “The Economists’ Statement on Climate Change” – см.: www.rprogress.org/publications/1997/econstatement.htm, просмотрено автором 26 июня 2008 г.

8 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Sustaining State Programs for Tobacco Control: Data Highlights 2006 (Atlanta, GA: 2006).

9 Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, “State Cigarette Excise Tax Rank and Ratings, fact sheet (Washington, DC: 28 May 2009); Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, “Raising Cigarette Taxes Reduces Smoking, Especially Among Kids (And the Cigarette Companies Know It)”, fact sheet (Washington, DC: 9 January 2009); Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, “Cigarette Tax Increases by State per Year 2000–2009”, fact sheet (Washington, DC: 28 May 2009).

10 Косвенные расходы на бензин рассчитаны на основе данных Международного центра оценки технологий (ICTA), The Real Price of Gasoline , Report No. 3 (Washington, DC: 1998), p. 34, и обновлены на основе следующей публикации: ICTA, Gasoline Cost Externalities Associated with Global Climate Change: An Update to CTA’s Real Price of Gallon Report (Washington, DC: September 2004), ITCA, Gasoline Cost Externalities: Security and Protection Services: An Update to CTA’s Real Price of Gasoline Report (Washington, DC: Janyary 2005), Terry Tamminen, Lives per Gasoline: The True Cost of Our Oil Addiction (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2006), p. 60 и из публикации Бюро экономического анализа “Table 3 – Price Indices for Gross Domestic Product and Gross Domestic Analysis”, GDP and Other Major Series, 1929–2007 (Washington, DC: August 2007); U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Information Administration (EIA), This Week in Petroleum (Washington, DC: various issues); (EIA), “US Weekly Retail”, Retail Gasoline Historical Prices (Washington, DC: 15 June 2009).

11 American Petroleum Institute, State Gasoline Tax Report (Washington DC: 1 April 2009); DOE, EIA, “Weekly (Monday) Retail Premium Gasoline Prices, Selected Countries” – см.: www.eia.doe.gov/emeu, материал обновлен 16 июня 2009 г.; данные о потреблении бензина взяты у Международного энергетического агентства (IEA) и из электронной базы данных World Resources Institute, “Energy and Resources: Energy Consumption by Source: Oil and Petroleum Products (2005), EarthTrends – см.: www. earthtrends.wri.org, материал обновлен в 2007 г.

12 U. S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, “Cigarette Price Increase Follows Tobacco Pact”, Agricultural Outlook , January– February 1999.

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