Читаем Как избежать климатических катастроф? План Б 4.0: спасение цивилизации полностью

38 Письмо Матиаса Белла, Rocky Mountain Institute, Джесси Роббинсу, Earth Policy Institute, посланное по электронной почте 30 июня 2009 г.; Natalie Mims, Mathias Bell, and Stephen Doig, Assessing the Electric Productivity Gap and the U.S. Efficiency Opportunity (Snowmass, CO: Rocky Mountain Institute, January 2009).

39 Erik Shuster, Tracking New Coal-Fired Power Plants (Pittsburgh, PA: DOE, National Energy Technology Laboratory, January 2009); Julie Clendenin and Shawna Seldon, “Wind Energy Grows by Record 8300 MW in 2008”, press release (Washington, DC: American Wind Energy Association (AWEA), 27 January 2009); AWEA, U. S. Wind Energy Projects , электронная база данных – см.: www.awea.org/projects, обновлено 31 декабря 2008 г.

40 Henry Manczyk and Michael D. Leach, “Combined Heat and Power Generation and District Heating in Denmark: History, Goals, and Technology” – см.: www.energy.rochester.edu/dk/manczyk/denmark. pdf, просмотрено автором 13 февраля 2008 г.; “New Zealand Issues Ten–Year Ban on New Thermal Power Plants”, Power Engineering , 11 October 2007; Global Wind Energy Council, Global Wind 2008 Report (Brussels: 2009); Jad Mouawad, “Chinese Clean Coal Will be Critical, a Report Says”, Green Inc . – см.: Nytimes.com, 20 April 2009.

41 В Таблице 10–1 приведены следующие расчетные данные: о сокращении выбросов углерода при сожжении ископаемого топлива и изменений на транспорте – на основе: IEA, World Energy Outlook 2008 (Paris: 2008), p. 507; о сокращении промышленных выбросов – на основе: IEA, Tracking Industrial Energy Efficiency and CÎ2 emissions (Paris: 2007), о сокращении выбросов за счет посадок деревьев и прекращения вырубки лесов – на основе: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Climate Change 2007: Mitigation of Climate Change, Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge, U. K.: Cambridge University Press, 2007), pp. 543, 539; и о поглощении углерода почвой, основанных на консервативных прогнозах в работе: Rattan Lal, “Soil Carbion Sequestration Impacts on Global Climate Change and Food Security”, Science, vol. 304 (11 June 2004), pp. 1623–1627.

42 IEA, World Energy Outlook 2008 , p. cit. note 4, p.507.

43 R. A. Houghton, “Carbonm Flux to the Atmosphere from Land-Use Changes: 1850–2005” – в книге: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC), TRENDS: A Compendium of Data on Global Change (Oakl Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), 2008); данные о поглощении углерода основаны на публикации IPCC, op. cit. note 41.

44 Lal. оp. cit. note 41.

45 Данные о круговороте двуокиси углерода, смоделированном на основании выбросов, которые образуются при сжигании ископаемого топлива, взяты из работ: Tom Boden and Gregg Marland, “Global CO2 Emissions from Fossil-Fuel Burning, Cement Manufacture, and Gas Flaring: 1751–2006” and “Preliminary 2006–07 Global & Natural Estimates by Extrapolation”, опубликованных в книге CDIAC, Fossil Fuel CO2 Emissions (Oak Ridge: TN: ORNL, 2009); данные об изменениях выбросов от землепользования взяты из работы: Houghton, op. cit. note 43; кривая снижения приведена в работе: J. Hansen et al., “Dangerous Human-Made Interference with Climate: A GISS Model Study”, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol. 7 (2007), pp. 2287–2312.

46 Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, Renewable Energy-Employment Effects: Impact of the Expansion of Renewable Energy on the German Labor Market (Berlin: June 2006); “German Plan to Close Coal Mines”, BBC News , 29 January 2007; Michael Levitin, “Germany Says Auf Wiedersehen to Nuclear Power, Guten Tag to Renewables”, Grist , 12 August 2005.

47 Tim Weiner, Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA (New York: Doubleday, 2009), p. 429.

48 Surgeon General’s Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health, Smoking and Health (Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General, 1964).

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