Lingwa De Planeta (Lidepla) Grammar With Examples

sem (de) shifen — seven tenths

ful — "possessing (esp. in great quantity), full of":

joisaful — joyful

jivaful — lively, sprightly, vivacious

lumaful — spotlit, luminous, alight

misteriaful — mysterious

danjaful — dangerous

guan — "institution, establishment":

fanguan — dining-rooms, canteen, restaurant

frisiguan — hairdresser's

kitabaguan — library

printiguan — printing-house

ifi — "to get, to become":

iri — be angry

irifi — get angry

klare — clear

klarifi — become clear(er)

(i)ka — "object, thing, something concrete". In adjectives ending in -e and nouns ending in -a, this last vowel is transformed into -ika; in other cases -ka is added. With monosyllabic i- verbs, -ika is added with a hyphen:

nove — new

novika — something new, novelty

ski — to ski

ski-ika — something for skiing

plei — to play —

pleika — toy, plaything

ike — (unstressed) derives adjectives of relation from nouns:

osean — ocean

oseanike — oceanic

harmonia — harmony

harmonike — harmonious

historia — history

historike — historical

If added to a noun ending in -a or -ia, these endings are dropped. Nouns ending in -ika produce adjectives ending in -ike:

publika => publike

gramatika => gramatike

ina — feminine suffix:

amiga — friend

amigina — girl/female friend

doga — dog

dogina — bitch

Synonymous with the prefix gin-.

inka — denotes one small part of something:

ramla — sand

ramlinka — grain of sand

snega — snow

sneginka — snowflake

pluva — rain

pluvinka — drop of rain

If added to a noun ending in -a or -ia, these endings are dropped.

ish — means "to some extent":

blan — white

blanish — whitish

interes-ney — interesting

interes-nish — more or less interesting

hao — good

haoish — passable

When adding this suffix, the final -e of adjectives or -a of nouns are dropped; -ney => -nish

isi — "to make, to bring into a condition":

detal — detail

detalisi — detail

iri — be angry

irisi — anger, enrage

klare — clear

klarisi — clarify

If added to a noun ending in -ia, "ia" is dropped:

mifologia — mythology

mifologisi — mythologise

ista — denotes a person in relation to a certain doctrine ("ism") or profession:

komunista — communist

dentista — dentist

artista — artist

(i)taa — makes abstract nouns from adjectives:

probable — probable

probablitaa — probability

jen — "man, person":

samlandajen — fellow countryman

lubijen — loved one

sendijen — envoy

lik — "characteristic of, similar in appearance or character":

matalik — maternal, motherly

amigalik — friendly

manlik — manly

ginalik — womanly

domlik — homely, cozy

suryalik — sun-like

lok — "place":

habitilok — dwelling (-place), habitation

twolilok — threshing-floor

koylok — somewhere

enilok — anywhere

menga — denotes a certain multitude, gathering of uniform objects:

moskamenga — swarm of flies

jenmenga — crowd

nesa — makes abstract nouns from adjectives:

dule — tender

dulenesa — tenderness

nik — denotes person as bearer of some characteristic feature or adherent of something:

batalnik — scrapper

fobnik — coward

shwonik — chatterer

pyannik — drunkard

safarnik — confirmed traveller

When it is added the word's last vowel may be dropped.

o — masculine suffix:

doga — dog

dogo — male dog

amiga — friend

amigo — boy/male friend

Synonymous with the prefix man-.

ple — numerals suffix:

dwaple — double, twofold

triple — triple, threefold

sa — noun suffix of general meaning, a part of pronouns koysa something, enisa anything. Forms nouns from the verbs of type 2:

flai — to fly

flaisa — flight;

gun — to work

gunsa — work

jan — to know

jansa — knowledge

shil — "having inclination or tendency to":

gun — to work

gunshil — industrious

kusi — to bite

kusishil — tending to bite

fobi — to fear

fobishil — timid, timorous

-te (hyphenated) — past tense marker:

ta shwo-te — he said

val — "worthy":

admirival — admirable

sey filma es goval — this film is worth going to see

sey geim es pleival — this game is worth playing

vati — used for deriving verbs in cases where the use of –i is undesirable:

chay — tea

chayvati koywan — to take smb to tea

surya — sun

suryavati koysa— to sun smth

yuan — "employee, worker, organization member":

kafeeyuan — cafe worker

partiayuan — party member

polisyuan — policeman

koalisionyuan — coalition member

The prefixes anti-, arki-, auto-, bi-, ex-, mono-, multi-, poli-, pseudo-, retro-, which occur in technical and scientific words, need not be explained. They are not hyphenated. Prepositions, conjunctions

A

1) preposition of aim, direction, "to":

Treba go a shop. — One should go to the shop.

Lu he returni a Moskva. — He returned to Moscow.

2) dative case preposition, "to":

Me dai kitaba a ela. — I give the book to her.

Me rakonti a yu. — I tell you.

Ela shwo a lu. — She says to him.

Afte

After (in temporal as well as spatial meaning); in (in temporal meaning):

un afte otre — one after another

afte se — after this

afte tri dey — in three days

aftemanya — the day after tomorrow

Al

1) with verbs denotes simultaneity of actions (= "verb+yen"):