Oxford Business English Dictionary for Learners of English

► volatility /.vola'tilati; AmE ,va:l-/ noun [u]: the volatility of share prices о market volatility

volume /'vDlju:m; AmE 'va:l-; -jam/ noun see also: high volume, sales volume

[U,C] the amount of space that an object or a substance fills; the amount of space that a container has: Liquid fuels are sold by volume, о The barrel has a volume of ten cubic metres.

[c,u] the amount of sth: The volume of trade between the two countries decreased last year, о Sales have doubled in volume over the last two years, о Volume sales increased by 15% last year, о DVD equipment has sold in high volumes.

О an enormous/a high/low/huge/large/substantial volume (of sth)

(Stock Exchange) [u,C] the total number of shares bought and sold on a stock exchange on a particular day: an average daily trading volume of 100000 shares

О (a) brisk/heavy/Iight/low/sttong volume (of sth) Did in 'volume in large quantities: We're a small 597 vote

business and can't afford to buy supplies in volume, о the types of bikes that sell in volume

'volume .business noun [u] (Commerce) trade in very large quantities of goods: We offer substantial discounts for volume business.

'volume .discount noun [c,u] (Commerce) a reduction in the price of goods offered to sb who buys a large amount [syn] bulk discount

voluntary /'vDlantri; AmE 'va:lanteri/ adjective

done willingly, not because you are forced: Where possible, redundancy should be on a voluntary basis, о These pollution controls rely on voluntary action by business, о to pay voluntary contributions into a pension fund

[ops compulsory, involuntary

[usually before noun] (about work) done by people who choose to do it without being paid: Large numbers of young people are involved in voluntary work in the community.

(about a person or an organization) doing a job without wanting to be paid for it: the voluntary sector (= organizations which help people and which do not make a profit, for example charities)

voluntary groups/organizations/services ♦ voluntary labour/workers

.voluntary ar'rangementnoun [c] (BrE)(Law) a legal arrangement made between a failing company and the people it owes money to (its creditors) to pay its debts and solve its financial problems without stopping doing business

voluntary bankruptcynoun [u,c] (Law) a situation in which a person or a company asks to be officially declared bankrupt

.voluntary 'export restraint(abbr VER) (also.voluntary re'straint a.greement) noun [c](Economics) an agreement between two or more countries that limits the number of exports of particular goods that the exporting country can make to the importing country/countries

.voluntary liqui'dation noun [u,c] (also

.voluntary .winding 'up [c,u]) (Law) a situation where a company's owners decide that it should stop doing business, sell its assets and pay its debts IoppI compulsory liquidation,

involuntary liquidation

.voluntary re'straint a.greement =

voluntary export restraint

.voluntary .winding'up = voluntary liquidation

vote/vaut; AmE vout/ noun, verb

noun

see also: block vote, casting vote

vote of confidence 598

011 к. о Did you vote for or against her? о Shareholders voted unanimously in favour of the merger.

to vote narrowly/overwhelmingly/unanimously

against, etc. sth

[+ obj] (usually be voted) to choose sb for a position or an award by voting: She was voted designer of the year in the sportswear sector.

[+ obj] to agree to give sb/yourself sth by voting: The directors have just voted themselves a huge pay increase.