Психология счастья. Новый подход

10. Diener, E., Suh, E.M., Lucas, R.E., and Smith, H.L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125: 276–302. 11. Diener, E., Horwitz, J., and Emmons, R.A. (1985). Happiness of the very wealthy. Social Indicators Research, 16: 263–74.

12. Inglehart, R. (1990). Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. DePaulo, B.M., and Morris, W.L. (2005). Singles in society and in science. Psychological Inquiry, 16: 57–83.

13. Три недавних исследования, где изучалось, как меняется уровень счастья с возрастом, показали очень похожие результаты, от 33 до 42 %: Lucas, R.E., and Donnellan, M.B. (in press). How stable is happiness: Using the STARTS model to estimate the stability of life satisfaction. Journal of Research in Personality. Ehrhardt, J.J., Saris, W.E., and Veenhoven, R. (2000). Stability of life-satisfaction over time: Analysis of change in ranks in a national population. Journal of Happiness Studies, 1: 177–205.

14. Lyubomirsky, S. (2001). Why are some people happier than others?: The role of cognitive and motivational processes in well-being. American Psychologist, 56: 239–49. Diener et al. (1999), op. cit. Myers, D.G. (2000). The funds, friends, and faith of happy people. American Psychologist, 55: 56–67. (4) Diener, E., and Lucas, R.E. (1999). Personality and subjective well-being. In Kahneman, D., Diener, E., and Schwartz, N. (eds.), Well-being: The Foundations of Hedonic Psychology (pp. 213–29). New York: Russell Sage. Argyle, M. (1999). Causes and correlates of happiness. Ibid. (pp. 353–73).

15. Lyubomirsky, Sheldon, et al. (2005), op. cit. Tkach, C. (2005). Unlocking the treasury of human kindness: Enduring improvements in mood, happiness, and self-evaluations. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside. Lyubomirsky, S., Sousa, L., and Dickerhoof, R. (2006). The costs and benefits of writing, talking, and thinking about life’s triumphs and defeats. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90: 692–708. Sheldon, K.M., and Lyubomirsky, S. (2006a). How to increase and sustain positive emotion: The effects of expressing gratitude and visualizing best possible selves. Journal of Positive Psychology, 1: 73–82. Dickerhoof, R., Lyubomirsky, S., and Sheldon, K.M. (2007). How and why do positive activities work to boost well-being? An experimental longitudinal investigation of regularly practicing optimism and gratitude. Manuscript under review. For interventions from other laboratories, see also Seligman, M.E., Steen, T.A., Park, N., and Peterson, C. (2005). Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions. American Psychologist, 60: 410–21. Fordyce, M.W. (1977). Development of a program to increase happiness. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 24: 511–21. Fordyce, M.W. (1983). A program to increase happiness: Further studies. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 30: 483–98.

16. Lyubomirsky, King, et al. (2005), указ. соч.

17. Diener, E., Nickerson, C., Lucas, R.E., and Sandvik, E. (2002). Dispositional affect and job outcomes. Social Indicators Research, 59: 229–59.

18. Harker, L., and Keltner, D. (2001). Expressions of positive emotions in women’s college yearbook pictures and their relationship to personality and life outcomes across adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80: 112–24.

2. Насколько вы счастливы и почему?

1. В некоторых примерах, приведенных в этой книге, имена, личные данные и подробности интервью изменены.

2. Эд Динер, самый выдающийся и наиболее известный исследователь в области субъективного благополучия, однажды сказал мне, что предложил термин «субъективное психологическое благополучие» из опасения, что университет не продлит его контракт, если руководство решит, что его исследование посвящено чему-то настолько туманному, как «счастье». Термин прижился.

3. Однако стоит отметить, что «психологическое благополучие» – более широкая, более целостная конструкция, чем «счастье», она включает в себя и физическое, и психическое здоровье, а не только эмоциональное благополучие.

4. Lyubomirsky, S., and Lepper, H.S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46: 137–55.

5. Там же.

6. Radloff, L. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1: 385–401.

7. Nezu, A.M., Nezu, C.M., McClure, K.S., & Zwick, M.L. (2002). Assessment of depression. In Gotlib, I.H., and Hammen, C.L. (eds.). Handbook of Depression (pp. 61–85). New York: Guilford.