Summerfolk

7. On the Russian cult of antiquity in this period, see the work of Iurii Lotman, notably “The Theater and Theatricality as Components of Early Nineteenth-Century Culture,” trans. G. s. Smith, in Iu. M. Lotman and B. A. Uspenskii, The Semiotics of Russian Culture, ed. A. Shukrnan (Ann Arbor, 1984), esp. 143–44.

8. N. Kukol’nik, “Villa,” Khudozhestvennaia gazeta, nos. 11–12 (1837), 185.

9. See, e.g., Skol’ko let, skol’ko zim! ili Peterburgskie vremena (St. Petersburg, 1849). The dacha fashion was given ample coverage in the early 1840s on the pages of Severnaia pchela, which is the best single guide to Petersburg commonplaces of the time.

10. Grech, Ves’ Peterburg, 176–77.

11. These examples are taken from SPb ved in 1839.

12. P. Furmann, Entsiklopediia russkogo gorodskogo i sel’skogo khoziaina-arkhitektora, 3 vols. (St. Petersburg, 1842), vol. 1. Besides Furmann’s extensive selection of designs, note K. Shreider, Sobranie risunkov sadovykh i domovykh ukrashenii i vsiakikh prinadlezhnostei sego roda (St. Petersburg, 1842).

13. Furmann, Entsiklopediia, ix, 34.

14. Weidlé is quoted in E.A. Borisova, Russkaia arkhitektura v epokhu romantizma (St. Petersburg, 1997), 7.

15. Bur’ianov, Progulka s det’mi, 1:142.

16. On the building of detached houses in this period, both within and outside the city, see A. L. Punin, Arkhitekturnye pamiatniki Peterburga: Vtoraia polovina XIX veka (Leningrad, 1981), 162–86.

17. On the long and productive career of Adam Menelaws (for many years a stonemason working under the much better known Charles Cameron), see A. Cross, “By the Banks of the Neva”: Chapters from the Lives and Careers of the British in Eighteenth-Century Russia (Cambridge, 1997), 297–305. On the architectural design of the Peterhof Kottedzh, see Borisova, Russkaia arkhitektura, 132–35. On its relation to the cultural myths of the period, see A.S. Loseva, “Obraz Petergofa epokhi romantizma” (dissertation, Moscow, 1997). On these cultural myths, see R. Wortman, Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy, vol. 1 (Princeton, 1995), chaps. 9, 10, and 11.

18. Furmann, Entsiklopediia, 1:35. A pattern book that speaks approvingly of the prevailing taste for “decorations” in house design is A. Kutepov, Proekty dlia stroenii domov i drugikh raznogo roda postroek vo vnov’ priniatom vkuse (Moscow, 1852). On Briullov’s designs and on other dachas of the period, see A. L. Punin, Arkhitektura Peterburga serediny XIX. veka (Leningrad, 1990), 237–42.

19. See Materialy o gorodakh pridvornogo vedomstva: Gorod Petergof(St. Petersburg, 1882), 5, 24.

20. N.Kukol’nik, “Novye postroiki v Petergofe,” Khudozhestvennaia gazeta, nos. 11–12 (1837), 173–77.

21. Sbornik v pamiat’ P. I. Mel’nikova (Nizhnii Novgorod, 1910), 37.

22. RGIA, f. 963, op. 1, d. 31, I. 1. Details of Kozhevnikov’s activities as a landlord can be found ibid., d. 56.

23. Furmann, Entsiklopediia, 1:29.

24. See Loseva, “Obraz Petergofa.”

25. F. Bulgarin, Letniaia progulka po Finliandii i Shvetsii v 1838 godu, 2 vols. (St. Petersburg, 1839), 1:102. Similar praises are sung in I. Golovin, Poezdka v Shvetsiiu v 1839 godu (St. Petersburg, 1840), e.g., 17.

26. F. Dershau, Finliandiia i finliandtsy (St. Petersburg, 1842), 56–57.

27. V.I. Safonovich, “Vospominaniia,” Russkii arkhiv, no. 3 (1903), 363–68.

28. See D. Lieven, The Aristocracy in Europe, 1815–1914 (London, 1992), chap. 7, esp. 150–51.

29. Dershau, Finliandiia, i.

30. N. Reidinger, Putevoditel’ po Reveliu i ego okrestnostiam (St. Petersburg, 1839).

31. N. V. Gogol’, Polnoe sobranie sochinenii, 14 vols. (Leningrad, 1937–52), 10:154.