Summerfolk

64. On the basis of his study of Zhukova’s works and other society tales of the time, Joe Andrew has given the dacha some credit for the victory of the realist chronotope in Russian literature: note the assessment of The Dacha on the Peterhof Road as a “generic melting pot” for sentimentalism and realism in his Narrative and Desire in Russian Literature, 1822–49: The Feminine and the Masculine (Basingstoke, 1993), 168.

65. V. V. Uchenova, ed., “Dacha na Petergofskoi doroge”: Proza russkikh pisatel’nits pervoi poloviny XIX veka (Moscow, 1986), 259, 268.

66. Grech, Ves’ Peterburg(1851), 177, 191-92.

67. S. Sheremet’ev, Vospominaniia, 1853–1861 (St. Petersburg, 1898), 15.

68. K. Pavlova, Polnoe sobranie srikhotvorenii (Moscow and Leningrad, 1964), 252; in English, A Double Life, trans. B. Heldt, 2.d ed. (Oakland, Calif., 1986), 31.

69. A. F. Tiutcheva, Pri dvore dvukh imperatorov: Vospominaniia, dnevnik, 1853–1882 (1928–29; Cambridge, 1975).

70. Neelov, “lz dal’nikh let,” Russkaia starina 165 (1916): 264.

71. V. Bykova, Zapiski staroi smolianki, 2 vols. (St. Petersburg, 1898), 1:124, 286, 373.

72. N. E. Komarovskii, Zapiski (Moscow, 1912).

73. M.A. Dmitriev, Glavy iz vospominanii moei zhizni (Moscow, 1998), 460–62.

74. 1. 1. Panaev, Literaturnye vospominaniia (Moscow, 1950), 178.

75. The series of articles was called “Petersburg Life: The Observations of a New Poet” (“Peterburgskaia zhizn: Zametki novogo poeta”); it can serve as an encyclopedia of contemporary journalistic commonplaces regarding St. Petersburg.

76. The importance of the dacha as a place for writers, artists, and people of other “free” professions is noted in V. M-ch’s useful article “Peterburgskie i moskovskie dachi,” Severnaia pchela, 18 Aug. 1842, 727.

77. P. V. Annenkov, The Extraordinary Decade: Literary Memoirs, trans. Irwin R. Titunik (Ann Arbor, 1968), 129. Before renting out the houses at Sokolovo as dachas, Divov had moved most of the local peasants to neighboring villages; all that remained was a minimal service personnel of six people. See Severo-zapadnyi okrug Moskry (Moscow, 1997), 347.

78. A.I. Gertsen, Sobranie sochinenii v tridtsati tomakh (Moscow, 1954–66), 9:207. Herzen also refers to the summer at Sokolovo as a villeggiatura (ibid., 208), which is dutifully glossed in the standard Soviet edition as “dacha life.”

79. Panaev, Literaturnye vospominaniia, 223. Zagoskin himself did not, apparently, share Frolov’s doubts, and handled the squabble with dignity and delicacy.

80. Annenkov, Extraordinary Decade, 137.

81. V. G. Belinskii, “Peterburg i Moskva,” in his Polnoe sobranie sochinenii, 13 vols. (Moscow, 1953–59), vol. 8. Panaev quotes Ketcher making a similar distinction somewhat earlier, in 1839: “Well, do you have anything of the kind in Petersburg? Your dachas are wretched houses of cards on mud and marshland, but just look at the splendor here!” (Literaturnye vospominaniia, 167).

82. Panaeva, Vospominaniia, 164.

83. See, e.g., P.A. Karatygin’s “Dom na peterburgskoi storone” (1838), where a “barn” (sarai) is described by a landlord on the Petersburg Side as “accommodation fit for a lord” (barskii pokoi); the landlord also draws attention to the property’s dual function as main residence and dacha. See N. Shantarenkov, ed., Russkii vodevil (Moscow, 1970), esp. 147. Drafty low-rent Petersburg dachas were a favorite subject for the actor and stage hack Karatygin: note also the ditty extracted from his comedy Peterburgskie dachi (1848) in Peterburg-PetrogradLeningrad v russkoi poezii (Leningrad, 1975), 118–19.

84. E. P. Grebenka, “Peterburgskaia storona,” in Fiziologiia Peterburga (Moscow, 1991), 77, 80.

85. Ibid., 90.

86. For more detail, see V.N. Toporov, “Aptekarskii ostrov kak gorodskoe urochishche,” in Noosfera i khudozhestvennoe tvorchestvo (Moscow. 1991).

87. V. Krestovskii, Peterburgskie trushchoby: Kniga osytykh i golodnykh (St. Petersburg, 1867), 1:326–28.