The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939

Sachsenhausen (concentration camp)

Sáenz de Buruaga y Polanco, Colonel Eduardo

Sagunto

Saint Jean de Luz

Saint-Cyprien

Saint-Exupéry, Antoine de

Sáinz Rodríguez, Pedro

Salamanca, province of, meeting of generals, Franco’s GHQ, Falangist fighting, bitterness against Britain

Salazar, Antonio de Oliveira

Salcedo Molinuevo, General Enrique

Saliquet Zumeta, General Andrés

saluting

Samper Ibáñez, Ricardo

San Blas

San Lorenzo del Escorial

San Martín de la Vega

San Martín de Valdeiglesias

San Sebastián, pact, military rising, falls to nationalists

Sánchez Barcaíztegui (republican destroyer)

Sánchez Ferragut, Captain

Sangroniz y Castro, José Antonio

Sanje, Hans

Sanjurjo, General failed coup, figurehead of coup ďétat, killed in air crash, and arms supplies

Sanjurjo (former Italian submarine)

Santa María de la Cabeza monastery

Santander, assassinations, military rising, war committee, military zone, council, retreat to and defence, guerrilla operations

Santoña

Saragossa, defence of general strike, Military Academy, ‘second city of anarchism’ military rising, anarchist conference, nationalist garrison reinforced, offensives against, anarchists revolt

Sayagüés, Prudencio

Sbert, Antonio María

Scandinavian volunteers

Schmidt, Paul

Schuschnigg, Dr Kurt von

Second Republic, see Spanish Republic (Second Republic)

Second World War, bomb loads, in relation to Spanish Civil War, air aces, Red Army in, outbreak of, Spanish neutrality

Segorbe

Segovia, Bishop of

Segovia offensive

Segre, River

Seguí, Colonel Juan

Segura y Sáenz, Cardinal Pedro

‘Seisdedos’ (anarchist)

Sender, Ramón J.

SERE, (Servicio de Emigración parta Republicanos Españoles)

Serge, Victor

Serra Bartolomé, Colonel Moisés

Serra, Patricio

Serrador, Colonel Ricardo

Serrano Súñer, Ramón, rise to power, spares Hedilla, role in Franco government, and reintegration of Barcelona, political career

Sert, José María

Sert, Josep Lluís

Servicio de Información Especial Antimasónico

Sesé, Antonio

Seseñ

Seven Seas Spray (ship)

Sevilla la Nueva

Seville, protests, Sanjurjo’s coup, province of, military rising, political killings, nationalist gathering, Franco establishes headquarters, cheers Wehrmacht, under Franco

Seville, Colonel the Duke of

shipping, republican

Shteingold, Emil

Sierra de Alcubierre

Sierra de Cavalls

Sierra de Espadan

Sierra de Guadarrama, defensive action, water and electricity supplies, offensive

Sierra de Javalambre

Sierra de Palomera

Sierra de Pándols

Sierra de Toro

Sierra do Eixe

Silva, José

Silvestre, General Fernández

SIM (Servicio de Investigación Militar), NKVD involvement in

Simpson, Mrs

Sino-Japanese war

SIPM (Servicio de Información Policía Militar)

Smushkevich, Yakov (General ‘Duglas’)

socialist realism

Socialist Youth, and feminism, battalions, communist infiltration, and ‘events of May’, collaboration with communists

Société Éuropéene ďÉtudes et ďEntreprises

Solchaga Zala, Colonel (later General) José

Solidaridad Obrera

Sommerfield, John

Somosierra pass

Soria

Soviet Union, Spanish links with, collectivization, role in Spanish Civil War, methods of accounting, and Euro-Communism, policies attacked, cities destroyed, spy mania, system of oppression, criticisms of, power of NKVD, purges and terror, Trotskyist sabotage, foreign policy, trains Spanish pilots, support for China, Spanish gold reserves shipped to, pact with Hitler, disengages with Republic, gives refuge to senior communists, parallels with Franco’s Spain, German invasion, republicans serving in, see also Russia

Spanish air force

Spanish army, strength, corruption, and Primo de Rivera, under Second Republic, reforms, role in coup ďétat, dissolved by decree, social composition, and development of militias, training, bureaucracy and conservatism, authoritarian values, patron saint

Spanish Communist Party (PCE), membership and strength, organization, middle class and, in Madrid, bid for power, military base, Comintern supervision, officers and, and Morocco, post-war, increased Soviet control, takes control of Socialist Youth, provides commissars, ambitions for republican Spain, in Basque country, and republican power struggle, writers and, infiltration of army command, and Brunete offensive, absorption of Socialist Party, and SIM, shifts blame for Teruel, and Negrín government, and departure of foreign communists, permits International Brigades to fight on, and continuation of war, leaders meet in Alicante, senior members in Soviet Union, plans reconquest of Spain

Spanish Foreign Legion, role in coup ďétat, organization, battle cry, conduct in Seville, invents Molotov cocktail, marching song, role in civil war, Italians in uniform of, in battle of Corunna road, strength, in Jarama offensive, anarchists drafted, and International Brigades, at battle of Teruel, in Aragón offensive, participates in victory parade, cult of virility and death

Spanish language

Spanish navy

Spanish Republic (First Republic)