The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939

Red Army, purged, in Ukraine, personnel in Spain, lack of care for troops, Berlin operation, III Rifle Corps, Kronstadt sailors and, intelligence, tactics, failings, defeats, Wehrmacht, Spanish republicans serving with

Red Cross

Red Help International

Redondo y Ortega, Onésimo

reforma agraria

refugees, in Gibraltar, leave republican Spain, conditions of, enlisted in Second World War

Regler, Gustav

regulares (Moroccan troops), role in coup ďétat, looting and rape, atrocities, made ‘honorary Christians’, in attack on Madrid, in battle of Corunna road, deployment, in Jarama offensive, in Brunete offensive, in Aragón offensive, loot Barcelona, participate in victory parade, hunt down guerrillas

Renau, Josep

Renovación Española

Republic, see Spanish Republic

República, see Navarra

republican air force, depleted, and battle of Ebro, surrender, ineffectiveness

republican army(People’s Army): formation, leadership, military theory, strength, command, structure, commissars, Stakhanovite mentality, tactics compared with Basques, communist influence, morale, communications, paranoia, reaction against communist influence, inflexible strategy, recriminations among leadership, depoliticization, improved tactics, destruction, reconstituted, reductions in foreign personnel, rearguard actions, surrenders

republican army formations:

Army of Andalucia

Army of Levante

Army of the Centre

Army of the East

Army of the Ebro

Army of Estremadura

Army of the Levante

Army of the North

I Corps

II Corps

III Corps

IV Corps

V Corps

XI Corps

XII Corps

XIII Corps

XIV Corps

XV Corps

XVIII Corps

XIX Corps

XX Corps

XXII Corps

XIV Guerrilla Corps

3rd Division

10th Division

11th Division (Líster’s)

12th Division

13th Division

14th Division (Mera’s)

15th Division (Gal’s)

25th Division (anarchist)

26th Division (anarchist)

27th (Carlos Marx) Division (PSUC)

28th Division (anarchist)

29th Division (POUM)

29th Division (POUM)

30th Division

34th Division

35th Division (Walter’s)

40th Division

42nd Division

43rd Division

44th Division

45th Division (Kléber’s)

46th Division (El Campesino’s)

54th Division

56th Division

64th Division

68th Division

69th Division

70th Division

204th Division

Lenin Division (POUM)

2nd Brigade

10th Brigade

17th Brigade

18th Brigade

70th Brigade

84th Mixed Brigade

119th Brigade

127th Brigade

206th Brigade

226th Brigade

5th Regiment

International Tank Regiment

Grey Wolves of La Pasionaria

8th Battalion (UGT)

122nd Battalion

136th Battalion

see also International Brigade units; militias

republican navy, see also Almirante Fernández; Almirante Valdés; Churruca; Císcar; Jaime I; Lepanto; Libertad; Méndez Núñez; Sánchez Barcaíztegui

see Carlists

Reus

revolutionary tribunals

Rey ďHarcourt, Colonel Domingo

Rheinmetall-Borsig

Rhineland

Ribbentrop, Joachim von

Ribbing, Colonel

Richthofen, Colonel Wolfram von, and attack on Madrid, and Málaga campaign, reputation, commands Luftwaffe operations, and battle of Jarama, and Basque campaign, and bombing of Guernica, and Brunete offensive, records tensions among nationalists, and battle of Teruel, and fall of Catalonia, records republican surrender, participates in victory parade

Ridruejo, Dionisio

Rieucros

Rincón, Count del

Rio Tinto Zinc

Rioja

Riquelme, General José

Roatta, General Mario and Málaga campaign, and battle of Jarama, replaced, admits bombing of Guernica

Robeson, Paul

Robles, José

Rodezno, Count of, (Tomás Domínguez Arévalo)

Rodimtsev, Aleksandr

Rodríguez, Melchor

Rodríguez del Barrio, General Ángel

Rodríguez Losada, Mario

Ródriguez Salas, Eusebi

Rodriguez Sastré, Antonio

Roehr, Captain

Rojas, Captain Manuel

Rojo, Colonel (later General) Vicente, and defence of Madrid, and battle of Jarama, and battle of Guadalajara, and Aragón offensive, promoted, and battle of Teruel, predicts fall of Barcelona, and battle of Ebro, bids farewell to International Brigades, and battle of Catalonia, concedes war

Rolfe, Edwin

Romanian volunteers

Romanones, Count de, (Alvaro de Figueroa y Torres)

Rome Catholic Church in, axis with Berlin, imperial

Romerales, General Manuel

Romero, Colonel Carlos

Romero Bassart, Colonel Luis

Romilly, Esmond

Ronda

Roosevelt, Daniel

Roosevelt, Franklin D.

Rosales, Luis

Rosenberg, George

Rosenberg, Marcel, and removal of Asensio Torrado, executed, comment on revolutions

Rosselli, Carlo

Rossi, Conte, (Arconovaldo Bonaccorsi)

Rossi, General

Rot Front

Rovira Canales, Colonel Josep

Royal Military Academy

Royal Navy, nationalist sympathies, intelligence, see also HMS Blanche; HMS Brazen;HMS Devonshire; HMS Galatea; HMS Hardy; HMS Havock; HMS Hood; HMS Queen Elizabeth; HMS Woolwich

Ruiz Alonso, Ramón

Ruiz Funes, Mariano

Ruiz Ibárurri, Rubén

Ruiz Jiménez, Joaquín

Russell, Bertrand

Russia, Kerensky regime, pact with France, civil war, Bolshevik, atheist, see also Soviet Union

Russian Revolution

Sabadell-Reus

Sabaté Llopart, Francisco (‘El Quico’)