The Bombing War: Europe 1939-1945

65. Willy Ley, Bombs and Bombing (New York: 1941), 28–31, 40–43; on bomb loads see TsAMO, f.500, o.12452, d.14, ‘Bemerkungen zum Einsatz der Luftwaffe’, 26 July 1940, 2.

66. Alfred Price, Instruments of Darkness: The History of Electronic Warfare, 1939–1945 (London: 2005), 21–47.

67. Details in Kenneth Wakefield, The First Pathfinders: The Operational History of Kampfgruppe 100, 1939–1941 (London: 1981), 28–34.

68. TNA, AIR 20/335, RAF Wireless Intelligence Service, Periodical Summary 15, 7 June 1941.

69. TNA, PREM 3/29 (3), ‘Summarised Order of Battle’, 9 Aug 1940. Collier, The Defence of the United Kingdom, gives a figure of 57 squadrons for 8 August.

70. Colin Dobinson, AA Command: Britain’s Anti-Aircraft Defences of the Second World War (London: 2001), 234–5, 512, 528–9; Alexander Rose, ‘Radar and Air Defence in the 1930s’, Twentieth Century British History, 9 (1998), 240–45.

71. AHB, ‘Battle of Britain: Despatch by Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding, 20 Aug 1941’, 8.

72. Colin Dobinson, Building Radar: Forging Britain’s Early-Warning Chain, 1935–1945 (London: 2010), 302–5, 318; AHB, ‘Battle of Britain Despatch’, 9–10.

73. TsAMO, f.500, o.725168, d.110, Operations Staff, ‘Die britische Fliegertruppe: 1.1.1941’, 5–6, for a good example of this misconception. Aircraft, it was assumed, were directed by radio from the ground. See Sebastian Cox, ‘A Comparative Analysis of RAF and Luftwaffe Intelligence in the Battle of Britain’, Intelligence and National Security, 5 (1990), 426–7, 435–7.

74. TNA, AIR 8/463, Air Ministry minute, 8 July 1940; Air Staff minute, ‘Present and Future Strength of the German Air Force’, [n.d.]; German figures in AHB Translations, vol 7, VII/107, Quartermaster Strength and Serviceability Tables; Air Fleet strengths from Collier, Defence of the United Kingdom, 452, App xi. On aircraft ranges see AIR 20/313, Air Ministry memorandum, ‘Extension of the Air Defence of Great Britain Necessitated by the Defeat of France’, 5 July 1940.

75. BA-MA, RL2 IV/33, Luftwaffe Staff, ‘Angriffe auf England: Materialsammlung, 1940–41’.

76. HHC, TYP Pt I, Damage to Property 1939–1945, reports for 1940.

77. BA-MA, RL2 IV/30, Maj. Leythehauser lecture, ‘Einsatzarten und ihre Durchführung im Englandkrieg’, 14 Feb 1944, 1–2; on mining RL2 IV/33, ‘Angriffe auf England’.

78. TsAMO, f.500, o.725168, d.527, Luftwaffe Kriegsberichte-Kompanie, ‘Bomben auf Flugplätze vor London, 18 Aug 1940’, 3.

79. Ibid., account by Hellmut Schwatle, 18 Aug 1940, 2; Anton Dietz, ‘Erlebnisbericht: Grossangriff auf London’, 5.

80. AHB Translations, vol 2, VII/26, ‘Course of the Air War’, 2. BA-MA, RL2 IV/27, Bechtle lecture, 2 Apr 1944, 3; Klaus Maier, ‘Luftschlacht um England’, in Maier et al., DRZW: Band 2: Die Errichtung der Hegemonie auf dem europäischen Kontinent (Stuttgart: 1979), 384–5.

81. KTB/OKW: Band 1, Teilband 1, 59–60, entry for 3 Sept 1940.

82. Ibid., 50, 55, 62, entries for 29 Aug, 30 Aug, 4 Sept 1940.

83. TNA, AIR 16/432, Home Security intelligence summaries, night raids 18–19, 19–20, 22–23, 24–25, 25–26, 28–29 Aug.

84. AHB Translations, vol 2, VII/26, ‘Course of the Air War’, 3.

85. Shirer, Berlin Diary, 380–81, entry for 26 Aug 1940.

86. Elke Fröhlich (ed), Die Tagebücher von Joseph Goebbels: Sämtliche Fragmente, 4 vols (Munich: 1987), vol 4, 296, entry for 27 Aug 1940; KTB/OKW: Band 1, Teilband 1, 50, entry for 29 Aug 1940.

87. Shirer, Berlin Diary, 391.

88. NC, Cherwell papers, F260, RAF Operational Statistics, ‘Night Bomber Sorties, 1 Aug 1940–7 Nov 1940’.

89. BA-MA, RL 41/2, RLB, Luftschutz-Bericht, 22 May 1940, 3.

90. Ibid., Luftschutz-Bericht, 31 July 1940, 2; Luftschutz-Bericht, 11 Sept 1940, 2.

91. Boberach, Meldungen aus dem Reich, vol 5, 1,525, 2 Sept 1940.

92. von Below, At Hitler’s Side, 71.

93. Hugh Trevor-Roper, Hitler’s Table Talk 1941–1944 (London: 1973), 697. ‘It was the British who started air attacks,’ Hitler claimed. ‘The Germans are always restrained by moral scruples, which mean nothing to the British.’

94. AHB Translations, vol 2, VII/30, ‘Proposal for the Conduct of Air Warfare against Britain’, 22 Nov 1939, 3; vol 1, VII/10, ‘The Course of the Air War over Central and Western Europe’, 1944, 1.

95. KTB/OKW: Band 1, Teilband 1, 27, entry for 13 Aug 1940.