The Bombing War: Europe 1939-1945

165. TNA, PREM 3/22/3, Sinclair to Churchill, 15 Nov 1940; Sinclair to Churchill, 13 July 1941; AIR 41/17, ‘Air Defence of Great Britain: Volume III’, App 8.

166. Details on GCI radar in Dobinson, Building Radar, 367–73.

167. TsAMO, f.500, o.725168, d.107, ‘Bemerkungen zum Einsatz der Luftwaffe’, 7 Mar 1941, 2.

168. Ibid., ‘Bemerkungen zum Einsatz der Luftwaffe’, 4 July 1941, 1–2.

169. TNA, AIR 8/463, ‘Present and Future Strength of the German Air Force’ [n.d. but Oct 1940]; AHB Translations, vol 7, VII/107, Luftwaffe Strength and Serviceability Tables.

170. NC, Cherwell papers, G25, ‘Comparative strengths of the German and British air forces’, 7 Dec 1940, 1.

171. Ibid., F125, Lindemann to Churchill, 4 Jan 1941.

172. TNA, AIR 8/463, Portal to Churchill, 18 Feb 1941 and 20 Mar 1941.

173. TNA, PREM 3/88/3, Churchill to Gen. Ismay, 26 Dec 1940.

174. PArch, Beaverbrook papers, BBK/D/32, Sinclair to Beaverbrook, 1 Sept 1940; Beaverbrook to Sinclair, 3 Oct 1940; Sinclair to Beaverbrook, 22 Oct 1940; minute for Churchill, 19 Apr 1941.

175. BA-MA, RL2 IV/33, Angriff auf England: Materialsammlung, ‘Durchführung – Erfolg: April 1941’.

176. FCNA, 179, Directive No 23, ‘Basic Principles of the Prosecution of the War against British War Economy’; Boog et al, DRZW: Band 7, 327.

177. TsAMO, f.500, o.725168, d.112, Operations Staff, ‘Unterlagen für Luftangriffe auf britische Häfen und Anlagen der Rüstungsindustrie’, 25 Jan 1941.

178. Ibid., f.500, o.725168, d.110, Operations Staff, Report on British targets, 27 Jan 1941, 2.

179. John Duggan, Neutral Ireland and the Third Reich (Dublin: 1985), 138–41; Clair Wills, That Neutral Island: A History of Ireland during the Second World War (London: 2007), 208–9, 212.

180. von Below, At Hitler’s Side, 93–4; BA-MA, RL2 IV/33, ‘Durchführung – Erfolg: April 1941’; on Italian opera see Harry Flannery, Assignment to Berlin (London: 1942), 163–4.

181. BA-MA, RL2 IV/27, Bechtle lecture, 2 Apr 1944, 5–6; Collier, Defence of the United Kingdom, 503–5, App xxx.

182. BA-MA, RL2 IV/33, ‘Durchführung – Erfolg: April 1941’; losses calculated from AHB Translations, vol 5, VII/92, German Aircraft Losses (West) Jan–Dec 1941.

183. BA-MA, RL2 IV/28, ‘Weisung für die Luftkriegführung gegen England, 16.3.1941’.

184. BA-MA, RL2 IV/27, Bechtle lecture, 6–8; RL2 IV/28, ‘Weisung 3.7.1941’ and ‘Weisung 30.7.1941’; RL2 IV/33, ‘Durchführung – Erfolg: Juni 1941’.

185. von Below, At Hitler’s Side, 79. Overheard in conversation with army leaders Franz Halder and Walter von Brauchitsch.

186. TNA, AIR 20/8693, Testimony of Hermann Göring, 6 Apr 1946, 13.

187. FCNA, 177–8, Conference with Führer, 4 Feb 1941.

188. Hubatsch, Hitlers Weisungen, 119; on the naval war see Neitzel, Der Einsatz der deutschen Luftwaffe, 50–51.

189. von Below, At Hitler’s Side, 84, 103; quotation in Eberle, Uhl (eds), The Hitler Book, 69, from a reported conversation in March 1941. See too Warlimont, Inside Hitler’s Headquarters, 133–4: ‘As soon as the campaign in the East was over, the “siege” was to be resumed in full force.’

190. FDRL, President’s Secretary’s Files, Box 34, ‘Great Britain Military Situation’, reports to the president, Sept–Dec 1940.

191. Martin van Creveld, Hitler’s Strategy 1940–1941: The Balkan Clue (Cambridge: 1973), 27–30; von Below, At Hitler’s Side, 77; Warlimont, Inside Hitler’s Headquarters, 127–30.

192. Ivan Maisky, Memoirs of a Soviet Ambassador (London: 1967), 104, 109–10: ‘Hitler cherished much more serious plans,’ wrote Maisky, ‘he wanted to conquer Britain.’ For the Soviet view, Pavel Sevostyanov, Before the Nazi Invasion: Soviet Diplomacy in September 1939–June 1941 (Moscow: 1984), 137–43.

193. AHB Translations, vol 2, VII/28, ‘A Survey of German Air Operations 1939–1944’, 21 Sept 1944, 4–5.

194. Fröhlich, Die Tagebücher von Joseph Goebbels, vol 4, 720, entry for 28 June 1941.

195. TsAMO, f.500, o.725168, d.527, ‘Bericht eines Amerikaners am 23.10’, 7 Nov 1940.

196. Ibid., 7 Nov 1940, 3.

197. Michael Postan, British War Production (London: 1957), 484–5; Maier, ‘Luftschlacht’, 402–4.

198. NC, Cherwell papers, G181, ‘Bombing of London in September, October and November’.

199. Royal Society, London, Blackett papers, PB/4/4, ‘Operational Research: Recollections of Problems Studied, 1940–1945’, 100; ‘Effects of Bombing Policy’, paper for the JIC, Apr 1942; casualty figures from TNA, HO 191/11, ‘Statement of Civilian Casualties in the United Kingdom’, 31 July 1945.