The Bombing War: Europe 1939-1945

200. TNA, AIR 40/288, Air Intelligence, ‘The Blitz’, 14 Aug 1941, App A, Table 1, ‘Effects of Blitz’.

201. NARA, RG 107, Box 138, MHS Report, ‘German Bombing of Britain’, 31 May 1942, 3–5.

202. TNA, AIR 41/17, ‘Air Defence of Great Britain: Volume III’, App 1, ‘Summary of Damage to Key Points 1940 and 1941’, 2–4.

203. Ibid., App A, ‘Morale’, 1.

204. Cooper, Anti-Aircraft Command, 74–5.

205. Calculated from Terence O’Brien, Civil Defence (London: 1955), 690, App x.

206. TNA, HO 187/1156, ‘Manpower in the National Fire Service: Historical Survey’.

207. Gavin Bailey, ‘Aircraft for Survival: Anglo-American Aircraft Diplomacy 1938–42’, PhD thesis, Dundee University 2010, 162–8; on British fighter strength, TNA, AIR 20/313, Note, 9 Jan 1941.

208. BA-MA, RL2 IV/30, Maj. Leythehauser lecture, 14 Feb 1944, 5–6, 19–20.

209. BA-B, RL3/157, ‘Plan Elch: 13.8.1941’; RL3/146, ‘Göring-Flugzeug-Lieferplan’, 15 Sept 1941; IWM, FD 5450/45, ‘Expanded Air Armament Programme’, 6 July 1941. See too Budrass, Flugzeugindustrie, 715–21. The special order for aircraft production was backdated to 22 June 1941, the opening day of Barbarossa.

210. Richard Overy, ‘From “Uralbomber” to “Amerikabomber”: The Luftwaffe and Strategic Bombing’, The Journal of Strategic Studies, 1 (1978), 169–70. For the Azores see FCNA, 199, Conference with the Führer, 22 May 1941; James Duffy, Target America: Hitler’s Plan to Attack the United States (Guilford, CT: 2006), 51–5, 126–9.

211. TNA, PREM 3/22/3, Churchill to Sinclair, 20 Aug 1941; AIR 2/5245, Douglas to Balfour, 13 Aug 1941.

212. BA-MA, RL2 IV/28, Luftflotte 3, ‘Gefechtskalender Juli–Dez 1941’.

213. BA-MA, RL2 IV/149, ‘Gedanken zum Einsatz der Luftwaffe im Luftkriege über See’, 23 Jan 1944, 23–4.

214. Dobinson, Building Radar, 483–5.

215. TNA, PREM 3/22/1, ‘Night Air Defence: Progress Report’, 12 Nov 1941, 2–4.

216. Ibid., Progress report from C-in-C, Anti-Aircraft Command, 20 Apr 1942; Progress report by C-in-C, Fighter Command, for Night Defence Committee, 16 Mar 1943.

217. BA-MA, RL36/52, ‘Bericht über Reise zu Luftflotte 3 von 11–12.3.1943’, 13 Mar 1943.

218. Willi Boelcke(ed), The Secret Conferences of Dr Goebbels: The Nazi Propaganda War 1939–43 (London: 1967), 233–4.

219. IWM, Milch papers, vol 62, conference at Carinhall, 6 Mar 1942.

220. On Paris see AHB Translations, vol 4, VII/79, ‘Conference with Reichsmarschall Goering’, 6 Mar 1942, 1. Hitler’s order in Collier, Defence of the United Kingdom, 512, App xxxvi. See too IWM, Milch papers, vol 62/5208, ‘Besprechungsnotiz: 16.5.1942’.

221. AHB Translations, vol 4, VII/79, ‘Conference with Reichsmarschall Goering’, 16 May 1942, 8; on Weston-super-Mare see vol 2, VII/26, ‘A Survey of German Air Operations 1939–1944’, 21 Sept 1944, 9. Karl Baedeker, Great Britain (Leipzig: 1927), 133.

222. Raid details in Collier, Defence of the United Kingdom, 513–16, App xxxvii and xxxviii.

223. Boog, ‘Strategischer Luftkrieg’, 332ff, for discussion of the background to the renewed offensive.

224. BA-MA, RL36/52, ‘Kommando der Eprobungs-Stellen, Besprechung in Rechlin’, 13 Mar 1943; ‘Aktenvermerk über Besprechung über verstärkten England-Einsatz’, 27 Mar 1943.

225. IWM, Milch documents, MD 53/732, telegram from Göring to Milch, 12 Oct 1943; MD 63/6290-308, ‘Besprechung beim Reichsmarschall’, 9 Oct 1943.

226. BA-MA, RL2 IV/48, ‘Zusammenarbeit Marine-Luftwaffe im Seekrieg gegen England’, 28 Feb 1944; ‘Unterlagen für Lagebesprechung beim Führer’, 19 July 1943.

227. AHB Translations, vol 2, VII/37, ‘General Kessler to General Jeschonnek’, 5 Sept 1943.

228. Boog, ‘Strategischer Luftkrieg’, 372–7.

229. IWM, Milch documents, 63/5877, ‘Besprechung beim Reichsmarschall’, Nov 1943.

230. TNA, HO 191/11, ‘Chronological Record of Air Attacks on Great Britain and Northern Ireland’, 28 Sept 1945.

231. TNA, PREM 3/18/2, Air Ministry, ‘Enemy Night Activity, 22/23 February 1944’; PREM 3/22/1, Progress report from C-in-C, Fighter Command, 1/9/43–22/2/44.

232. Boog, ‘Strategischer Luftkrieg’, 380–85; G. Kirwin, ‘Allied Bombing and Nazi Domestic Propaganda’, European History Quarterly, 15 (1985), 344–5, 355–6.

233. Boog, ‘Strategischer Luftkrieg’, 385–418. See too Michael Neufeld, ‘The Guided Missile and the Third Reich: Peenemünde and the Forging of a Technological Revolution’, in Monika Renneberg, Mark Walker (eds), Science, Technology and National Socialism (Cambridge: 1994), 62–6; Duffy, Target America, 66–73, 78–83.

234. Figures from Collier, Defence of the United Kingdom, 523–26; see too Boog, ‘Strategischer Luftkrieg’, 397, 402.

235. BA-MA, RL36/52, ‘Niederschrift über die Besprechung in Berchtesgaden am 29.5.1944’, 1–2.