The Bombing War: Europe 1939-1945

57. TNA, HO 186/2066, letter from Anglo-Iranian Oil to ARP Controller, Glamorgan, 24 July 1940; Chief Constable of Liverpool, Police duty form, 20 Aug 1940.

58. O’Brien, Civil Defence, 363–5; NC, Lindemann papers, G99, draft memorandum, ‘Air-Raid Alarms’.

59. Marc Wiggam, ‘The Blackout and the Idea of Community in Britain and Germany’, in Baldoli, Knapp, Overy (eds), Bombing, States and Peoples in Western Europe 1940–1945, 43–53.

60. TNA, HO 186/720, MHS memorandum, ‘Lighting (Restrictions) Order’, 9 Jan 1940; Metropolitan Police Commissioner to Home Office, Mar 1941.

61. Peter Donnelly (ed), Mrs. Milburn’s Diaries: An Englishwoman’s Day-to-Day Reflections 1939–1945 (London: 1979), 17, entry for 7 Sept 1939.

62. TNA, MH 76/555, Ministry of Health, ‘Proposed Shelter Bye-laws’, 31 Oct 1940.

63. TNA, INF 1/254, Home Morale Emergency Committee Report, 4 June 1940.

64. CLSC, JN20/16/C, Hampstead Civil Defence Committee, ‘Review of ARP Services’, 18 Nov 1939.

65. TWA, DX 875/4, ‘A Farewell Message from the Regional Commissioner Sir Arthur Lambert’, Apr 1945, 4.

66. HHC, TYW/1/A58-1, Circular to Hull wardens from the chief warden, 4 July 1940.

67. North Devon at War: The Home Front, Part II (Barnstaple: 1996), 4, 7, 35.

68. A. B. C. Kempe, Midst Bands and Bombs (Maidstone: 1946), 120–29.

69. Philip Graystone, The Blitz on Hull (1940–45) (Hull: 1991), 9–11.

70. H. Twyford, It Came to Our Door: Plymouth in the World War (Plymouth: 1945), 98–9.

71. TWA, DX 875/4, ‘Farewell Message from the Regional Commissioner’, 12.

72. UEA, Zuckerman Archive, OEMU/59/13, draft report, ‘Evacuation’ [n.d.], 1.

73. TNA, MH 76/555, memorandum by Minister of Health, 14 Dec 1940; London figures from O’Brien, Civil Defence, 396–7.

74. TNA, INF 1/264, report for 9 Sept 1940. See Titmuss, Social Policy, 355ff, and Wilbur Zelinski, Leszek Kolinski, The Emergency Evacuation of Cities (Savage, MD: 1991), 86–7, 95–6.

75. TNA, HO 186/606, report from Sir George Gater, 31 Mar 1941.

76. On East End, TNA, INF 1/264, Home Intelligence report, 6 Sept 1940; on Plymouth and Southampton, TNA, HO 186/606, Gater report, 1; Note of an Interdepartmental Committee, 5 May 1941. On Liverpool, ‘Bombers Over Merseyside: The Authoritative Record of the Blitz 1940–41’, Liverpool Daily Post and Echo, 1943, 16. On Clydebank, TNA, AIR 40/288, Air Intelligence, ‘The Blitz’, 14 Aug 1941, Folder 3; I. M. MacPhail, The Clydebank Blitz (West Dunbartonshire Libraries and Museums, 1974), 48–9.

77. TNA, HO 186/1861, Town Clerk Hull to Regional Evacuation Officer, 31 July 1941; Regional Commissioner to Harold Scott (MHS), 11 Aug 1941; ‘Report on the Trekking Situation in Hull’ [n.d.]; minute for the Regional Commissioner on Hull trekkers, 21 July 1943.

78. MacPhail, Clydebank Blitz, 64; UEA, Zuckerman Archive, OEMU/50/2, REDept, ‘The Effects of Air Raids on the Port of Liverpool’, 22 Mar 1943; ‘Effects on Labour in Clydebank of the Clydeside Raids of March 1941’.

79. TNA, MH 76/491, London CD Region, ‘Air Raid Shelters: Progress Report’, May 1941.

80. On Newcastle, TWA, Newcastle City Council, minutes of meetings, 9 Nov 1940, 8 Jan 1941. On London, TNA, MH 76/491, London CD Region, Shelter Census, 5 May 1941.

81. TWA, DX 52/6, Tynemouth Evening News, 13 Oct 1944: ‘Official Figures of Tynemouth’s Air Attacks’; Pat Jalland, Death in War and Peace: Loss and Grief in England 1914–1970 (Oxford: 2010), 126.

82. MO-A, TC 23, File 5/B, ‘Air Raid Alarm’, 15 Aug 1940; ‘Air Raids’, 8 Sept 1940 (both in London).

83. UEA, Zuckerman Archive, OEMU/56/3, Zuckerman to Stradling, ‘Memorandum on Attitudes to Shelters’, 11 Nov 1941.

84. F. Tennyson Jesse, H. M. Harwood, While London Burns (London: 1942), 72, letter 30 Aug 1940.

85. Strachey, Post D, 117–26.

86. Donnelly (ed), Mrs. Milburn’s Diaries, 54; Virginia Cowles, Looking for Trouble (London: 1941), 439, 443.

87. Vera Brittain, England’s Hour: An Autobiography, 1939–1941, 115, 142, 188.

88. Idle, War over West Ham, 110–11; John Gregg, The Shelter of the Tubes (London: 2001), 18; Phillip Piratin, Our Flag Stays Red (London: 1948), 73–4.

89. NC, Cherwell papers, F396, Harrod to Lindemann, 30 Sept 1940.