The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB

66. “Russia May Have Learned War Secrets,” Observer (September 1, 1985); “Bonn Spy Knew Army Secrets,” Observer (September 8, 1985); “Glamour Spy’s Love Ends in treachery,” Observer (December 14, 1986); “Spionage: Wie ein Helmspiel,” Der Spiegel (December 29, 1986); “KGB Lover Led Shy Secretary into Treason,” Daily Telegraph (September 1, 1987).

67. Mitrokhin’s notes on ROSIE do not give her real name. Press reports after her arrest in December 1976 identify her as Heidrun Hofer.

68. k-8, 7, 177; k-18, 385. According to k-8, 177, ROSIE was recruited in October 1971; according to k-16, 108, she was recruited in 1973. The two dates probably refer, respectively, to the point at which she began to supply information to ROLAND, and to her meeting with VLADIMIR in February 1973, after which the importance of her role as an agent appears to have increased.

69. k-16, 61. From 1970 to 1982 VLADIMIR was an illegal trainer based in Karlshorst, who performed various assignments in the GDR, FRG and Austria. His wife, Irina Yevseyevna (BERTA), was also an illegal.

70. “Bettgeflüster Nach Dienstschluss,” Quick (January 13, 1977).

71. k-5, 20.

72. “Bettgeflüster Nach Dienstschluss,” Quick (January 13, 1977). “Hat Spionin Hofer den BND auf Jahre gelähmt?,” Die Welt (January 14, 1977).

73. k-16, 70; k-18, 5, 145. Details of the lonely hearts column and the alias used by GEORG (though not his real identity) were revealed at Falk’s trial in 1989. Childs and Popplewell, The Stasi, p. 160.

74. Childs and Popplewell, The Stasi, p. 160.

75. k-16, 70; k-2, 374.

76. k-19, 357. Childs and Popplewell, The Stasi, p. 160.

77. k-18, 145.

78. Childs and Popplewell, The Stasi, pp. 160-1.

79. vol. 6, app. 1, part 5; k-14, 747, 748; k-11, 91; k-12, 435.

80. k-14, 747.

81. k-11, 91.

82. t-1, 45, 135; k-5, 193; k-24, 236; vol. 6, app. 2, part 3.

83. k-14, 237; k-8, 72.

84. Wolf, Man without a Face, pp. 142-8; Colitt, Spy Master, pp. 128-34. Gast was arrested on September 29, 1990, four days before the reunification of Germany, betrayed by a former senior official of the now defunct HVA.

85. Wolf, Man without a Face, pp. 188-94; Colitt, Spy Master, pp. 197-205, 235-7. In February 1992 Kuron was sentenced to twelve years’ imprisonment and fined 692,000 marks—his total earnings from the HVA.

86. Wolf, Man without a Face, pp. 198-201; Colitt, Spy Master, pp. 203-4. Wolf ludicrously maintains that the prostitutes he employed to provide sexual services for Tiedge and other defectors “were not prostitutes but down-to-earth women, Party members and loyal to their country, who were prepared to do this in return for… a preferential flat or an advance up the waiting list for a car.”

87. “Wienand zu zweieinhalb Jahren Freiheitsstrafe verurteilt,” Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (June 27, 1996); “Politik: Wegen langjähriger Spionage für die DDR: Karl Wienand zu zweieinhalb Jahren Haft verurteilt,” Süddeutsche Zeitung (June 27, 1996); Imre Karacs, “Cold War Agent Jailed,” Independent (June 27, 1996).

88. Genscher, Erinnerungen, p. 188.

89. Wolf, Spionagechef im geheimen Krieg, pp. 186-8. After a conversation with the former Soviet ambassador in Bonn, Valentin Falin, in 1992, Brandt wrote, “Since 1975, Karl W[ienand] committed himself to working for the services over there.” Falin later denied having made a specific reference to Wienand. Roger Boyes, “Brandt Papers Revive Spy Claims,” The Times (February 11, 1995). The files seen by Mitrokhin contain no reference to a KGB attempt to recruit Wienand.

90. Observer reported from Bonn on July 3, 1994 that Wehner was “now widely suspected of having been a Stasi spy.”

91. k-3, 63.

92. Colitt, Spy Master, p. 250.

93. k-3, 63.

94. k-3, 63.

95. Wolf, Man without a Face, p. 169. Wolf’s claims are not confirmed (or denied) by Mitrokhin. Mitrokhin’s detailed notes on Wehner’s file stop in 1941.

96. Wolf, Spionagechef im geheimen Krieg, pp. 185, 210-11. Most of the section of Wolf ’s memoirs on Wehner, like much else dealing with German politics, is omitted from the English translation.

97. Garton Ash, In Europe’s Name, pp. 199, 321-2, 533-4.

98. Wolf, Spionagechef im geheimen Krieg, pp. 207, 209.

99. k-2, 53. Wolf then took his revenge on Van Nouhuys by leaking the story to Quick’s rival Stern, which published it on October 25, 1973. A long court battle followed, eventually decided in favor of Stern. Wolf, Man without a Face, pp. 237-8.

100. In 1994 Brandt’s widow caused a political storm by referring publicly to his suspicions of Wehner.

101. Wolf, Spionagechef im geheimen Krieg, p. 218.

102. k-12, 505-6.

103. k-2, 162.

104. k-2, 165.