Tolstoy

147. Tolstaya, ‘Moya zhizn’’, Novy mir, 192.

148. Letopis’ 2, 52.

149. Tolstaya, ‘Moya zhizn’’, Novy mir, 84–5.

150. Autobiography of Countess Sophie Tolstoi, 62.

151. Tolstaya, ‘Moya zhizn’’, Novy mir, 86.

152. Letopis’ 2, 61, 63.

153. Opul’skaya 1, 251.

154. R. Vittaker, ‘Posleslovie’, in I. Borisova, ed., Neizvestnyi Tolstoi v arkhivakh Rossii i SShA, Moscow, 1994, 240.

155. Letopis’ 2, 61.

156. See Ewa M. Thompson, ‘Holy Foolishness, Mental Illness and Mental Normalcy in Russia’, in Understanding Russia, 25–50.

157. Jonas Stadling, ‘With Tolstoy in the Russian Famine’, The Century, 2 (June 1893), 249.

158. Tolstaya, ‘Moya zhizn’’, Novy mir, 98.

159. Opul’skaya 1, 252–254.

160. Tolstaya, ‘Moya zhizn’’, Novy mir, 98.

161. Letopis’ 2, 70.

162. Opul’skaya 1, 257.

163. Tolstaya, ‘Moya zhizn’’, Novy mir, 99–100.

164. Jonas Stadling and Will Reason, In the Land of Tolstoi: Experiences of Famine and Misrule in Russia, London, 1897.

165. Opul’skaya 1, 267.

166. Robert Edwards, ‘Tolstoy and Alice B. Stockham: The Influence of “Tokology” on The Kreutzer Sonata’, Tolstoy Studies Journal, 6 (1993), 90.

167. Opul’skaya 1, 164.

168. K. Kallaur, ‘L. N. Tolstoi i Edin Ballu: dukhovnoe rodstvo’, in Borisova, ed., Neizvestnyi Tolstoi v arkhivakh Rossii i SShA, 276.

169. Stadling and Reason, In the Land of Tolstoi, 71.

170. Opul’skaya 1, 212–213.

171. Letopis’ 2, 83.

172. JE 68, 235–236.

173. L. D. Opul’skaya, Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoi: materialy k biografii s 1892 po 1899 god [Opul’skaya 2], 45.

174. Opul’skaya 2, 44–47.

175. Letopis’ 2, 149.

12 Elder, Apostate and Tsar

1. V. Bulgakov, L. N. Tolstoi v poslednii god ego zhizni, Moscow, 1989, 71–72.

2. Roza Lyuksemburg, ‘Lev Tolstoi’, O Tolstom, ed. V. Friche, Moscow, 1928, 125. First published in Die Gleichheit, 3 December 1910.

3. T. V. Komarova, ed., Druz’ya i gosti Yasnoi Polyane: materialy nauchnoi konferentsee posvyashchennoi 160-letiyu S. A. Tolstoi, Tula, 2006, 104.

4. W. T. Stead, The Truth About Russia, London, 1888, 393.

5. The book was published in 1889. See Literaturnoe nasledstvo, 75 (1965), vol. 1, 123.

6. Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé, Le Roman russe, Paris, 1886.

7. ‘T. W. H.’, ‘The Russian School of Writers’, Harper’s Bazaar, 20, 38 (1887), 642.

8. R. Löwenfeld, Leo N. Tolstoj. Sein Leben, seine Werke, seine Weltanschauung, Berlin, 1892; Evgeny Solov’ev, L. N. Tolstoi, ego zhizn’ i literaturnaya deyatel’nost’. Biograficheskii ocherk, St Petersburg, 1894.

9. George Kennan, ‘A Visit to Count Tolstoy’, The Century, 34 (1887), 252–265; reprinted in Americans in Conversation with Tolstoy: Selected Accounts, 1887–1923, ed. Peter Sekirin, Jefferson, NC, 2006. This often valuable book is seriously undermined by its title. Apart from the obvious problem with the dates (Tolstoy died in 1910), many of the conversations are with people are who clearly not American, including Aylmer Maude, whose first name is misspelled ‘Aymler’ throughout.

10. Darra Goldstein, ‘Is Hay Only for Horses? Highlights of Russian Vegetarianism at the Turn of the Century’, Food in Russian History and Culture, ed. Musya Glants and Joyce Toomre, Bloomington, 1997, 103–123.

11. S. A. Tolstaya, Dnevniki v dvukh tomakh, ed. V. E. Vatsuro et al., 2 vols, Moscow, 1978, vol. 1, 122.

12. Tolstaya, Dnevniki, vol. 1, 224.

13. E. E. Gorbunova-Posadova, Drug Tolstogo Mariya Aleksandrovna Shmidt, Moscow, 1929, 13.

14. Tolstaya, Dnevniki, vol. 1, 245.

15. Gorbunova-Posadova, Drug Tolstogo Mariya Aleksandrovna Shmidt, 73.

16. L. D. Opul’skaya, Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoi: materialy k biografii s 1892 po 1899 god [Opul’skaya 2], 11.

17. Graham Camfield, ‘From Tolstoyan to Terrorist: The Revolutionary Career of Prince D. A. Khilkov, 1900–1905’, Revolutionary Russia, 12, 1 (1999), 2–3.

18. Aylmer Maude, The Life of Tolstoy (rev. edn, Oxford, 1930), Ware, 2008, 626.