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11. Kelli Cheatham, «Police Warn about New Drug Made from Raw
Sewage,” WSBT South Bend, November 7, 2007 (дата обращения:
05.03.2013), URL: http://web.archive.org / web / 20071109120038 / ;
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12. Mary Douglas, Purity and Danger: An Analysis of Concepts of
Pollution and Taboo (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1966),
1–50.
13. Janice Moulton, «A Paradigm of Philosophy: The Adversary Method,” in Discovering Reality, Second Edition: Feminist Perspectives on
Epistemology, Metaphysics, Methodology, and Philosophy of
Science, ed. Sandra Harding and Merrill B. Hintikka (Dordrecht,
The Netherlands: Kluwer, 1983), 149–164.
14. Lewis Hyde, Trickster Makes This World: How Disruptive
Imagination Creates Culture (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1998).
15. Ibid., 2–14, 71, 283.
16. Ibid., 285–288.
17. Ibid., 287.
18. Ibid., 288.
19. Gabriella Coleman, «Hacker and Troller as Trickster,”
Gabriellacoleman.org, February 7, 2010 (дата обращения:
10.06.2010), URL: http://gabriellacoleman.org / blog / ?p=1902.
1. Определяем термины: происхождение и эволюция субкультуры троллей
20. «Troll,” Oxford English Dictionary (дата обращения: 07.09.2011),
URL: http://www.oxforddictionaries.com / us / definition /
american_english / troll.
21. Michelle Tepper, «Usenet Communities and the Cultural Politics of Information,” in Internet Culture, ed. David Porter (New York:
Routledge, 1997), 39–55.
22. Judith Donath, «Identity and Deception in the Virtual World,” in
Communities in Cyberspace, ed. Mark A. Smith and Peter Kollock
(New York: Routledge, 1998), 29–60.
23. Lincoln Dahlberg, «Computer Mediated Communication and the
Public Sphere,” Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 7, no. 1 (2001): 0, doi: 10.1111 / j.1083–6101.2001.tb00137.x.
24. Claire Hardacker, «Trolling in Asynchronous ComputerMediated Communication: From User Discussions to Academic
Defi nitions,” Journal of Politeness Research 6, no. 2 (2010): 237, doi:
10.1515 / JPLR.2010.011.
25. Ibid., 225–235.
26. Kelly Bergstrom, «Don’t Feed the Troll: Shutting Down Debate about Community Expectations on Reddit.com,” First Monday 16, no. 8 (дата обращения: 02.09.2011), URL: http://fi rstmonday.org /
ojs / index.php / fm / article / view / 3498 / 3029.
27. «Как я дружил в социальной сети» (Catfi sh), реж. Генри Джуст и Эриэль Шульман (Universal City, CA: Universal Pictures, 2010).
28. «Senate Bill 1411», California State Legislature, 2010 (дата обращения: 12.04.2011), URL: http://www.leginfo.ca.gov / pub /
09–10 / bill / sen / sb_1401–1450 / sb_1411_bill_20100927_chaptered.
html.
29. «Troll,” Encyclopedia Dramatica, December 12, 2004 (дата обращения: 12.12.2009, сайт удален), URL: http://encyclopediadramatica.
com / Troll.
30. «FAQ,” 4chan (дата обращения: 23.10.2009), URL: http://www.4chan.
org / faq.
31. Josh Quittner, «The War between alt.tasteless and rec.pets.cats,”
Wired, 1993 (дата обращения: 10.06.2013), URL: http://www.wired.
com / wired / archive / 2.05 / alt.tasteless_pr.html.
32. Anon1, обмен сообщениями с автором в «Фейсбуке», июнь–август 2011 г.
33. Andy Bennett and Keith Kahn–Harris, After Subculture: Critical
Studies in Contemporary Youth Culture (London: Palgrave
Macmillan Limited, 2004).
34. Докинз Р. Эгоистичный ген. М.: АСТ: Corpus, 2013.
35. Jean Burgess, “‘All Your Chocolate Rain Are Belong to Us?’ Viral
Video, YouTube, and the Dynamics of Participatory Culture,” in
Video Vortex Reader: Responses to YouTube (Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2008), 101–109;
Ryan Milner, «The World Made Meme: Discourse and Identity in
Participatory Media» (PhD diss., University of Kansas, 2012) (дата обращения: 21.02.2014), URL: http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu /
dspace / handle / 1808 / 10256;
Limor Shifman, Memes in Digital Culture (Cambridge, MA: MIT
Press, 2013).
36. Henry Jenkins, Sam Ford, and Joshua Green, Spreadable Media:
Creating Value and Meaning in a Networked Culture (New York:
NYU Press, 2013).
37. Shifman, Memes in Digital Culture, 6 (курсив в оригинале).
38. Ryan M. Milner, «Media Lingua Franca: Fixity, Novelty, and
Vernacular Creativity in Internet Memes,” Selected Papers of
Internet Researchers 3 (2013) (дата обращения: 01.05.2014), URL: http://spir.aoir.org / index.php / spir / article / view / 806.
39. «Ben Huh — Bio,” Bravotv.com, 2014 (дата обращения: 05.06.2014),
URL: http://www.bravotv.com / people / ben–huh / bio.
40. Miki–em, «Rick Astley Does Live Rickroll at Macy’s Thanksgiving
Day Parade,” Laughing Squid, November 27, 2008 (дата обращения: 05.06.2014), URL: http://laughingsquid.com / rick–astley–doesliverickroll–at–macys–thanksgiving–day–parade.
41. Tom Connor Mar, «The Internet Anthropologist’s Field Guide to
‘Rage Faces,’” Ars Technica, March 11, 2012 (дата обращения:
05.06.2014), URL: http://arstechnica.com / tech–policy / 2012 / 03 / theinternetanthropologists–fi eld–guide–to–rage-faces / 2.