Ты не слушаешь. Что мы упускаем, разучившись слушать, и как это исправить

205 …самые первые позвоночные имели внутренние уши – Seth Horowitz, The Universal Sense: How Hearing Shapes the Mind (New York: Bloomsbury, 2012), 14. response to pressure John Carey and Nivee Arnin, “Evolutionary Changes in the Cochlea and Labyrinth: Solving the Problem of Sound Transmission to the Balance Organs of the Inner Ear,” Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology 288A, no. 4 (2006), https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.a.20306.

206 …увеличивая звуковое давление примерно на двадцать децибел… – Horowitz, Universal Sense, 75.

207 …поэтому люди продолжают чистить уши ватными палочками – Cassie Shortsleeve, “Why It Feels So Damn Good to Stick a Q–tip in Your Ear,” Men’s Health, March 7, 2017, https://www. menshealth.com/health/a19542654/why–sticking–qtips–in–ear–feels–so–good/.

208 …вызывает приятные ощущения, вплоть до «ушного оргазма» – “Having an EARGASM by Cleaning Your Ears with a Q-tip,” Facebook page, https://www.facebook.com/Having–an–EARGASM–by–cleaning–your–ears–with–a–Q–tip–270935093839/.

209 От каждой волосковой клетки отходят многочисленные щетинки – Chonnettia Jones and Ping Chen, “Chapter Eight Primary Cilia in Planar Cell Polarity Regulation of the Inner Ear,” Current Topics in Developmental Biology 85 (2008): 197–224, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0070–2153(08)00808–9; William Yost, Fundamentals of Hearing, 5th ed. (Burlington, MA: Academic Press, 2001): 73–95.

210 …от ущерба, причиняемого громкими звуками этим волосковым клеткам – Trevor Mcgill and Harold F. Schuknecht, “Human Cochlear Changes in Noise Induced Hearing Loss,” Laryngoscope 86, no. 9 (1976), https:// doi.org/10.1288/00005537–197609000–00001.

211 Большое количество повседневных занятий может причинить ущерб… – “Decibel Exposure Time Guidelines,” Dangerous Decibels, http://dangerousdecibels. org/education/information–center/decibel–exposure–time–guidelines/; “Occupational Noise Exposure Revised Criteria 1998,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/98–126/pdfs/98–126.pdf?id= 10.26616/NIOSHPUB98126.

212 …около 1,1 миллиарда молодых людей – “1.1 Billion People at Risk of Hearing Loss,” February 27, 2015, World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2015/ear-care/en/.

213 …около 48 миллионов человек – “Statistics and Facts About Hearing Loss,” Center for Hearing and Communication, http://chchearing.org/facts–about–hearing–loss/.

214 65% из них не достигли шестидесятилетнего возраста – “12 Myths About Hearing Loss,” AARP, https://www.aarp.org/health/conditions-treatments/info-2016/hearing-loss-myths-information-kb.html.

215 …занимает третье место по распространенности – “Worker Hearing Loss,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/features/worker-hearing-loss/index.html.

216 …уязвимость перед слуховыми галлюцинациями – A. R. Powers, C. Mathys, and P. R. Corlett, “Pavlovian Conditioning–Induced Hallucinations Result from Overweighting of Perceptual Priors,” Science 357, no. 6351 (2017): 596–600, https://doi.org/10.1126/science. aan3458. C. E. Seashore, “Measurements of Illusions and Hallucinations in Normal Life,” Studies from the Yale Psychological Laboratory, 3 (1895); D. G. Ellson, “Hallucinations Produced by Sensory Conditioning,” Journal of Experimental Psychology 28, no. 1 (1941): 1–20, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0054167; H. V. Helmholz, Treatise on Physiological Optics, vol. 3 (New York: Dover, l962); “Researchers Explore What Happens When People Hear Voices That Others Don’t,” Yale News, August 10, 2017, https://news.yale.edu/2017/08/10/ researchers–explore–what–happens–when–people–hear–voices–others–dont.

217 …вел записи своих «ослышек» – Oliver Sacks, “Mishearings,” New York Times, June 5, 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/07/opinion/oliver–sacks–mishearings.html.