afmdnjkcWhjdm, Vjp dhk afpHc[k Ypb[ afmdnjkcWhjdp fmXpjmcp Qp-
fpHp, bpXncphW XpcWHnQ ^hakQpd n afkKinT _^fh X^bkj afpbpcKki,
jp d[dpb imafmHndmkjh\ hmàp hkXk: afmdnjkcWhjdp n imfpb Knd^j
fmZipT KnZiWL, pjpfdmi[ bf^Y pj bf^Ym, n Vjp jm_ X^bkj n dafkbW.
;kfkb_p afnQpbnjh\ hc[HmjW fmZYpdpf[ p jp`, Vjp, `pc, imbpkcp
hnbkjW d paapZnMnn – imbp afpXnjWh\ dp dcmhjW. +b^j n fmZYpdpf[ p
_m_pT-jp «_pihjf^_jndipT paapZnMnn» n j.a. Jp dhkT \hiphjWL n pafk-
bkc@iiphjWL pjdkVmkìphnjkc\àpbpXi[Q «fkdpcLMnpii[Q» `[h-
ckT, Vjp jm_m\ apcnjnVkh_m\ ^hjmipd_m ik hppjdkjhjd^kj in jkpfnn
`mf_hnZ`m, in afpYfm``k JpMnmcnhjnVkh_pT amfjnn Gmjdnn.
D hdp@ dfk`\ !mf_h bphjmjpVip \hip ^_mZmc im bd^h`[hckiipk
apcpKkink amfcm`kijh_pT paapZnMnn n kYp afpjndpfkVndphjW. Efn-
in`m\ ^Vmhjnk d bk\jkcWiphjn amfcm`kijm, paapZnMn\ ^Kk pbin`
Bjn` nYfmkj im f^_^ Yphapbhjd^LFk`^ fkKn`^. Dh\_nT fmZ, d[hj^am\
h Zm_pipbmjkcWi[`n ninMnmjndm`n, fmj^\ Zm XcmYphphjp\ink im-
fpbm, ^Vmhjd^\ d d[fmXpj_k «hpMnmcWip imafmdckiipYp XLbKkjm»
n j.a., paapZnMn\ mdjp`mjnVkh_n, hm`m jpYp ik Kkcm\, hjmipdnjh\
dnijn_p` hjf^_j^f[ dcmhjn. -ka^jmj[ d afpMkhhk amfcm`kijh_nQ
afkanfmjkcWhjd jkf\Lj pjcnVnjkcWi[k afnZim_n hdpkYp _cmhhm n jkQ
nZXnfmjkckT, _pYp pin afkbhjmdc\Lj. 4m_ _ _m_pT kF@ «_pihjf^_jnd-
iphjn» hjfk`\jh\ iphnjkcn nbkn «_pihjf^_jndipT paapZnMnn»?
4Fkji[, ap ìkinL !mf_hm, dh\_nk apj^Yn paapZnMnn phVmhj-
cndnjW imfpb h ap`pFWL X^fK^mZipYp amfcm`kijm. -m, a^j@` Yfm-
`pjipT n imhjpTVndpT fmXpj[ paapZnMn\ haphpXim bpXnjWh\
ik_pjpf[Q ^hj^ap_ afmd\FkT _pmcnMnn, ip ik `pKkj nZ`kinjW apcp-
Kkink _pfkii[` pXfmZp`. Efmd\Fkk XpcWHnihjdp X^fK^mZip-cnXk-
fmcWi[Q n _ckfn_mcWi[Q amfjnT ^hj^anj ap `kcpVm`, ip ik hbmhj in
X J 2- JEG 11
im Tpj^ hdpn apZnMnn. Dh@ Bjp pVkiW jpVip apbjdkfKbmkj 13-ckji\\
afm_jn_m imHkT fmXpj[ d JkT`k Gmjdnn.
cmdipT Kk ZmbmVkT apcnjnVkh_pT paapZnMnn d JkT`k \dc\kjh\
fmZpXcmVkink cKndphjn mijnimfpbipYp _^fhm afmd\FkYp XpcWHni-
hjdm, d[fmXpj_m n pYcmHkink mcWjkfimjndi[Q fkHkinT.
8Mkindm\ afpHkbHnk d[Xpf[ 9-Yp JkT`m Gmjdnn, EpcnjnVk-
h_nT hpdkj JpMnmcnhjnVkh_pT amfjnn Gmjdnn pafkbkcnc, Vjp nQ
ikcWZ\ imZdmjW bk`p_fmjnVkh_n`n n dhkimfpbi[`n ap hckb^LFnàfnVnim`:
1. ' d[Xpfmìk X[cn bpa^Fki[ ikYfmKbmik Gmjdnn – Bjp p_pcp
18 afpMkijpd imhkckin\ hjfmi[;
2. mccpjnfpdmjWh\ _mibnbmjm`n d bka^jmj[ ik n`kcn afmdm
X[dHnk Vcki[ 'pàmfjnn Gmjdnn, m_jndip bkThjdpdmdHnk d amfjnn
aphck 13 \idmf\ 1991 Ypbm. ;mapìL, Vjp bk\jkcWiphjW 'pàmfjnn
Gmjdnn X[cm afk_fmFkim cnHW 10 hkij\Xf\ 1991 Ypbm, j.k. VkfkZ 9
`kh\Mkd. jm ipf`m iphnj Qmfm_jkf bnh_fn`nimMnn ap apcnjnVk-
h_n` `pjndm`, n kT afnbmip kF@ n pXfmjipk bkThjdnk, jm_ _m_ afn
d[XpfmQ 5-Yp JkT`m d 1993 Ypb^ jm_pYp Zmafkjm ik X[cp.
Ep bmii[` hjmjnhjn_n im 1 \idmf\ 1991 Ypbm im ^V@jk d 'pàmf-
jnn Gmjdnn hphjp\cn 110.888 Vkcpdk_.
3. Dp dfk`\ afkbd[XpfipT _màminn n d Qpbk hm`nQ d[Xpfpd
X[c bpa^Fki f\b imf^HkinT:
• imQpKbkink apcnMnn im nZXnfmjkcWi[Q ^Vmhj_mQ d bkiW d[Xpfpd,
• mYnjmMn\ d J!+ Zm _mibnbmjpd d bka^jmj[ pj afmd\FnQ amfjnT
im hfkbhjdm jfkjWnQ cnM,
• afnanh_n Ypcphpd nZXnfmjkckT d apcWZ^ _mibnbmjpd d bka^jmj[
pj afmd\FnQ amfjnT.
Dh_f[j[k =m_j[ apbpXi[Q imf^HkinT apZdpc\Lj hpìkdmjWh\
d pX%k_jndiphjn fkZ^cWjmjpd d[Xpfpd d Mkcp`. ;kj inVkYp hjfmiipYp
d jp`, Vjp imf^Hkin\ apZdpc\cn hkXk afmd\Fnk amfjnn n nQ hjpfpi-
in_n. Dnbn`p, pin afnd[_cn _ dhkbpZdpckiiphjn n XkZpjdkjhjdkiip-
hjn. pckk jpYp, n`kiip amfjn\ «Tvzemei un br¡v¡bai / LNNK»,
afkbhjmdnjkcn _pjpfpT bpa^hjncn ^_mZmii[k imf^Hkin\, X[cm afn-
YcmHkim d ipd^L afmdnjkcWhjdkii^L _pmcnMnL. 6 bka^jmj ;mfpbipT
amfjnn, afnZimdHnT h jfnX^i[ JkT`m Gmjdnn, Vjp pi n amfjnn afm-
d\FkT _pmcnMnn akfkb dhj^ackink` Gmjdnn d 2J pX`mi[dmcn
imfpb, VjpX[ n`kjW apcpKnjkcWi[T fkZ^cWjmj, apc^Vnc afmdp pa\jW
=pf`nfpdmjW afmdnjkcWhjdp.
2hcn dh@ Bjp khjW bk`p_fmjn\ n hafmdkbcndphjW, jp `[ afpjnd
jm_pT bk`p_fmjnn n pMkindmk` Bjp _m_ m`pfmcWipk n XkZpjdkjhjdki-
12 JEG: +J480+ D -8'!2;46#
ipk apdkbkink dcmhjn akfkb hpXhjdkii[ìmfpbp`, _m_ _fn`nimc.
'pYbm-inX^bW nhjpfn_n, Lfnhj[, ^V@i[k n apcnjn_n bmb^j dhk`^
Bjp`^ pMki_^, ip KmcW, Vjp ìpYnk nZXnfmjkcn ik api\cn, ikbppMk-
incn dhkYp BjpYp ^Kk im afpHkbHnQ d[XpfmQ.
EfpHkbHnk d[Xpf[ JkT`m Qmfm_jkfnZpdmcnhW VfkZd[VmTip
inZ_pT \d_pT nZXnfmjkckT im d[Xpf[ – 62,28 afpMkijm. 2hcn ^VkhjW,
Vjp 18 afpMkijpd imhkckin\ ik X[cn bpa^Fki[ _ d[Xpfm`, d[Qp-
bnj, Vjp Zm 9-T JkTàfpYpcphpdmcp `kiWHnihjdp KnjkckT Gmjdnn.
jp _mhmkjh\ ^Vmhjn\ JpMnmcnhjnVkh_pT amfjnn Gmjdnn n k@ hjf^_-
j^fi[Q apbfmZbkckinT d d[XpfmQ JkT`m, jp, ap pMki_k EpcnjnVkh_pYp
hpdkjm JEG, hp hjpfpi[ ìpYnQ akfdnVi[Q pfYminZmMnT m_jndiphjW d
afkbd[Xpfi^L _màminL X[cm ikbphjmjpVipT. ;k d apci^L hnc^ hfm-
Xpjmc afkbd[Xpfi[T HjmX. Jm`p_fnjnVip afnZim@j hdpn ikbpfmXpj_n
n EpcnjnVkh_nT hpdkj amfjnn. D akfd^L pVkfkbW – Bjp ikbphjmjpVim\
ap`pFW d afkbd[XpfipT fmXpjk d Zm_fkac@ii[Q Zm Vckim`n Epcnjn-
Vkh_pYp hpdkjm JEG fmTpimQ n YpfpbmQ. Dh\ afkbd[Xpfim\ fmXpjm, m