Historical Dictionary of the Russian Civil Wars, 1916-1926

———. “Social Democrats in Power: Menshevik Georgia and the Russian Civil War.” In Party, State and Society in the Russian Civil War: Explorations in Social History, edited by Diane Koenker, William G. Rosenberg, and Ronald G. Suny, 324–48. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990.

Swietochowski, Tadeuzs. Russian Azerbaijan, 1905–1920: The Shaping of National Identity in a Muslim Community. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Yilmaz, Harun. “An Unexpected Peace: Azerbaijani–Georgian Relations, 1918–20.” Revolutionary Russia 22, no. 1 (2009): 37–67.

Zürrer, Werner. Kaukasien, 1918–1921: Die Kampf der Grossmächte um die Landbrücke zwischen Schwarzem und Kaspischem Meer. Düsseldorf: Droste, 1978.

http://www.armenian-history.com/index.htm: Encyclopedia of Armenian history with extensive coverage of the civil war era (in English).

http://www.georgianbiography.com/bioindex.html: The Dictionary of Georgian National Biography (in English).

http://sarinfo.org/main.php: Union of Russian Armenians site, with extensive historical resources (in Russian).

http://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.ru/: “Caucasian Knot,” general site on the Caucasus, including a useful encyclopedia (in English or Russian).

Central Asia

Broxup, Marie B. “The Basmachi.” Central Asian Survey 2, no. 1 (1983): 57–81.

Buttino, Marco. La rivoluzione capovolta: l’Asia centrale tra il crollo dell’impero zarista e la formazione dell’URSS. Naples: L’ancora del Mediterraneo, 2003.

Carrère d’Encause, Hélène. “Civil War and New Governments.” In Central Asia: A Century of Russian Rule, edited by Edward Allworth, 224–53. New York: Columbia University Press, 1967.

Chokaev, M. “The Basmachi Movement in Turkestan.” Asiatic Review 24, no. 787 (1928): 273–88.

Fraser, Glenda. “Basmachi.” Central Asian Survey 6, no. 1 (1987): 1–73; no. 2 (1987): 7–42.

Ishakov, S. M. Rossiiskie musul’mane i revoliutsiia: vesna 1917 g.–leto 1918 g. Moscow: In-t rossiiskoi istorii RAN, 2003.

Olcott, Martha B. “The Basmachi, or Freemen’s Revolt in Turkestan, 1918–1924.” Soviet Studies 33, no. 3 (1981): 352–69.

Park, Alexander G. Bolshevism in Turkestan, 1917–1927. New York: Columbia University Press, 1957.

Trans-Volga, the Urals, Siberia, and the Far East

Allison, A. P. “Siberian Regionalism in the Revolution and Civil War, 1917–1920.” Siberica 1, no. 1 (1990): 78–97.

Blank, Stephen. “The Struggle for Soviet Bashkiria, 1917–1923.” Nationalities Papers 11, no. 1 (1983): 1–26.

Channon, John. “Siberia in Revolution and Civil War.” In The History of Siberia: From Russian Conquest to Revolution, edited by Alan Wood, 158–80. London: Routledge, 1991.

Crompton, Jonathan. “Resistence and Authority in Siberia, 1920–21: The Bolsheviks and the Siberian Peasantry with Reference to the Novosibirsk Region.” Revolutionary Russia 10, no. 2 (1997): 1–24.

Footman, David. “Siberian Partisans in the Civil War.” St. Antony’s Papers 1 (1956): 24–53.

Norton, Henry K. The Far Eastern Republic of Siberia. London: Allen & Unwin, 1923.

Pereira, N. G. O. “The Partisan Movement in Western Siberia, 1918–1920.” Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 38, no. 1 (1990): 87–96.

Varneck, Edna. “Siberian Native Peoples after the Revolution.” Slavonic and East European Review 21, no. 1 (1943): 70–88.

Foreign Intervention

The Central Powers

Baumgart, Winifried. Deutsche Ostpolitik, 1918: Von Brest-Litovsk bis zum Ende der Ersten Weltkriegs. Munich: Oldenbourg, 1966.

Bihl, Wolfdieter. Österreich Ungern und die Friedensschlüsse von Brest-Litowsk. Vienna: Böhlau, 1972.

Böhme, H. “Die deutsche Kriegzpolitik und Finnland in Jahre 1918.” In Deutschland in der Weltpolitik des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts, edited by Imanuel Geiss and Bernd Jürgen Wendt, 377–96. Düsseldorf: Bertelsmann Universitätsverlag, 1973.