Изобразительное искусство Алтайского края. История, современность, педагогический аспект

Age specifics – “these are the most typical specific characteristics for each age period of children in their physical, mental and social development” [1, p.152]. Specific characteristic of adolescence is prominent contradiction of person in respect of reality and oneself. On the one hand, high school students can think logically, to engage in theoretical reasoning and introspection, they develop outlook and attitude to life, the motivation in choice of the core activities, “form elements of research skills, the ability to build life plans and to develop moral ideals’ [9, p. 6]. The leading activity of them is educational and professional. This specific feature of adolescence gives evidence of learning awareness, purposefulness of gaining knowledge. On the other hand – the simultaneous interest in different spheres of activity, which indicates the instability of interest and, accordingly, the problem of choosing a future profession.

As practice shows, the choice of professional educational institution does not mean that a man has made a conscious choice of profession. “Graduates, making a professional choice in difficult socio-economic, psychological conditions are often not prepared to find the best way in terms of their individual qualities and social opportunities for their version of the career path. However, with the choice of profession students face in an age when they are not yet aware of all the consequences of the decisions taken in their youth” [20, p.4].

Self-determination is a process of conscious creative choice and the subsequent formation of a person’s active life position, on the basis of which a person develops and implements a range of possible actions in specific situations. Vocational self-determination is a multi-stage process of forming a personal relationship to the professional work and the way of human self-realization, coordination of intrapersonal, social and professional needs. It involves self-sufficient and informed search of meanings of the work a person does, and all activities of daily living in order to form the inner readiness of the person to build, correct and implement self-development perspectives.

Problem of students’ vocational self-determination solution must be in the course of specially organized activities – the system of vocational guidance, representing a range of measures to assist in choosing a profession. It is specially organized, coordinated work of the class teacher, pupils, parents, subject teachers with pupils about finding opportunities in “proximal development zones’ of personal and professional perspectives, pupils readiness formation in the planning, implementation, professional and educational path, overcoming the problem situations of professional choice.

Leading tasks of career guidance are:

– To generate a positive attitude to work;

– To teach to understand the content of professional activity and correlate requirements of profession with individual qualities;

– To create the need in awareness and assessment of one’s personality and skills.

2. Methods

2.1. Motivation as a means of formation of the person’s artistic and creative orientation

When going to college focused on training of specialists in the field of art, enrollees need to have a certain amount of knowledge and skills in their chosen type of artistic activity, correlating it with their own skills and inclinations. In this connection there is need for the development of the younger generation of artistic and creative orientation in choosing their future profession.

By definition of P. N. Osipov, “Orientation of the person – this is what a man wants, something that he strives for, his interests, inclinations, beliefs, ideals, which express his outlook. Orientation of the person defines the purpose of life and the leading motives (driving forces, causes) of human behavior” [19, p. 16]. Artistic and creative orientation serves as one of the structural elements of the whole person and determines the dynamics of creative process in any field of artistic activity.

The components of artistic and creative orientation are the need – the motive – the goal – the conditions and correlated with them – the action – the operation. The fundamental characteristic of this pattern acts as a need for motive cause of artistic and creative activities.