Читаем Как избежать климатических катастроф? План Б 4.0: спасение цивилизации полностью

60 Если в 2020 г. 5 млрд. человек, проживающих в развивающихся странах за пределами Китая, создадут сравнимые с Китаем 0,08 кв. м. смонтированных на крышах мощностей по нагреванию воды и отоплению помещений на человека, это добавит к общей площади таких мощностей в мире 400 млн. кв. м. Предположения основаны на данных из работы: Weiss, Bergmann, and Stelzer, op. cit. note 53, p. 21, и публикации: U. N. Population Division, op. cit. note 23.

61 Nelson, op. cit. note 57, p. 26

62 Там же, p. 28; Ambiente Italia, op. cit. note 57.

63 EPIA, op. cit. note 57, p. 6; Richter, Teske, and Short, op. cit. note 52, p. 83; Shuster, op. cit. note 31.

64 Karl Gawell et al., International Geothermal Development Directory and Resource Guide (Washington, DC: Geothermal Energy Association (GEA), 2003); EER Global Geothermal Markets and Strategies 2009–2020 (Cambridge, MA: May 2009).

65 Темпы роста использования геотермальной энергии рассчитаны на основании данных, приведенных в работах: Ruggero Bertani, “World Geothermal Generation in 2007”, GHC Bulletin , September 2007, pp. 8–9, и EER, op. cit. note 64.

66 Bertani, op. cit. note 65, pp. 8–9; Klara Slack, U. S. Geothermal Power Production and Development Update (Washington, DC: GEA, March 2009); EER, op. cit. note 64; число стран, имеющих геотермальную энергию, взято из работы: Karl Gawell et al., 2007 Interim Report: Update on World Geothermal Development (Washington, DC: GEA, 1 May 2007), p. 1; доля электроэнергии, произведенной с помощью геотермальной энергии, рассчитана на основе данных об установленных мощностях, приведенных в работе: Bertani, op. cit. note 65, p. 9; коэффициент мощности взят из работы: Ingvar B. Fridleifsson et al., “The Possible Role and Contribution of Geothermal Energy to the Mitigation of Climate Change” – в книге: O. Hohmeyer and T. Trittin, eds., IPCC Scoping Meeting on Renewable Energy Sources, Proceedings (Luebeck, Germany: 20–25 January 2008), p. 5; DOE, EIA, “International Energy Annual 2005 – World Electricity Data” – см.: www.eia.doe.gov/iea/elec.html, материал обновлен 15 сентября 2007 г.

67 World Bank, “Geothermal Energy”, prepared under PB Power and World Bank partnership program – см.: www.worldbank.org, просмотрено 23 января 2003 г.

68 Jefferson Tester et al., The Future of Geothermal Energy: Impact of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) on the United States in the 21st Century (Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006); John W. Lund and Derek H. Freeston, “World-Wide Direct Uses of Geothermal Energy 2000”, Geothermics , vol. 30 (2001), pp. 34, 46, 51, 53.

69 Tester et al., op. cit. note 68, pp. 1–4; Julian Smith, “Renewable Energy: Power Beneath Our Feet”, New Scientist , 8 October 2008.

70 Rachel Nowak, “Who Needs Coal When You Can Mine Earth’s Deep Heat?”, New Scientist , 19 July 2008; Tester et al., op. cit. note 68.

71 UCS, “How Geothermal Energy Works” – см.: www.ucsusa.org/clean – energy/renewable_energy_basics/offmen-how-geothermal-energyu-works.html, просмотрено 22 апреля 2009 г.; Slack, op. cit. note 66.

72 “Geothermal Power Projects to Cost $US19.8 Bln, Official Says”, op. cit. note 6; Ed Davies and Karen Lema, “Geothermal-Rich SE Asia Struggles to Tap Earth’s Power”, Reuters , 30 June 2008; Bertani, op. cit. note 65, pp. 8–9; “Energy Dev Corp.: Bid to Become Top Geothermal Producer ”, Agence France-Presse , 14 January 2009; Geysir Green Energy, “Philippines” – см.: www.geysirgreen energy.com/Operations-and-Development/asia/philippines, просмотрено 22 апреля 2009 г.

73 German Federal Institute for Geoscience and Natural Resources (BGR), “African Rift Geothermal Facility (ARGeo)”, – см.: www.bgr. de/geotherm/projects/argeo.html, просмотрено автором 22 апреля 2009 г.; U.N. Environment Programme (UNEP), “Hot Prospect – Geothermal Electricity Set for Rift Valley Lift-Off in 2009”, press release (Nairobi: 9 December 2008); Bertani, op. cit. note 65, pp. 8–9; DOE, op. cit. note 3.

74 Yoko Nishikawa, “Japan Geothermal Projects Pick Up After 20 Years: Report”, Reuters , 4 January 2009; Bertani, op. cit. note 65, pp. 8–9; Lund and Freeston, op. cit. note 68, p. 46.

75 Werner Bussmann, “Germany: The Geothermal Market is Expanding”, presentation to the Renewable Energy Exhibition, Lyon, Paris, 25–28 February 2009; Jane Burgermeister, “Geothermal Electricity Booming in Germany”, Renewable Energy World , 2 June 2008; UNEP, op. cit. note 73.

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