The Bombing War: Europe 1939-1945

180. Ibid., Box 139, Civilian Front, vol 11, 15 May 1943, 7; HQ Army Service Forces, Periodic Report to Lovett, 2.

181. Ibid., Box 139, James Landis, ‘We’re Not Safe from Air Raids’, Civilian Front, 15 May 1943.

182. James Parton, ‘Air Force Spoken Here’: General Ira Eaker and the Command of the Air (Bethesda, MD: 1986), 128–34, 149. Eight Air Force activation in Maxwell AFB, Eighth Air Force, 520.056, Statistical Summary 8th Air Force Operations, 1.

183. TNA, AIR 14/792, Eaker to Harris, 30 July 1942; Bottomley to Portal, 8 Feb 1942; Baker to Bottomley, 2 Feb 1942.

184. Richard G. Davis, Carl A. Spaatz and the Air War in Europe (Washington, DC: 1993), 67–71.

185. Ibid., 48–53.

186. LC, Arnold papers, Reel 89, Harold George (Asst CoS) to Arnold, 25 Feb 1942.

187. John W. Huston (ed), American Airpower Comes of Age: General Henry H. ‘Hap’ Arnold’s World War II Diaries, 2 vols (Maxwell, AL: 2002), vol 1, 282–4, 310.

188. Ibid., vol 1, 304, entry for 30 May 1942.

189. Based on Probert, Bomber Harris, chs 2, 4–5.

190. ‘Rabbits’ in CCO, Portal papers, Folder 9/File 3, Harris to Portal, 2 Mar 1942; ‘weaker sisters’, RAFM, Harris papers, H51, Harris to Peck (Air Ministry), 1 May 1942; ‘Fifth Columnists’, CCO, Portal papers, Folder 9/File 3, Harris to Portal, 5 Mar 1942; ‘impertinent’, RAFM, Harris papers, H9, Harris to Bottomley, 13 Jan 1945.

191. UEA, Zuckerman Archive, SZ/BBSU/3, Air Commodore Pelly to Zuckerman, 8 Jan 1947.

192. RAFM, Harris papers, H53, Harris to Baker (DBOps), 11 Apr 1942.

193. CamUL, Boyle papers, Add 9429/2c, Boyle to Harris, 24 Aug 1979.

194. RAFM, Harris papers, H9, Harris to Bottomley, 29 Mar 1945.

195. Webster, Frankland, Strategic Air Offensive, vol 4, 143–8.

196. TNA, AIR 20/4768, memorandum from BOps, 25 Feb 1942.

197. NC, Cherwell papers, G192, note for Cherwell, 23 Feb 1942, on German towns; CCAC, BUFT 3/15, memorandum from Morley (BOps 1), ‘The Employment of H.E. Bombs in Incendiary Attack’, 18 Nov 1942, 1–2.

198. NC, Cherwell papers, F254, War Cabinet, ‘Estimates of Bombing Effect’, 9 Apr 1942; F226, minute for Churchill from Cherwell, 30 Mar 1942; TNA, AIR 9/183, Comments on Cherwell paper, 17 Apr 1942.

199. CCO, Portal papers, Folder 9/File 3, Harris to Portal, 5 Mar 1942.

200. RAFM, Harris papers, H47, Harris to Bottomley, 9 Apr 1942.

201. Olaf Groehler, Bombenkrieg gegen Deutschland (Berlin: 1990), 98.

202. BA-B, R1501/823, directive from Interior Minister, 6 May 1942, 1. Details of raids from Middlebrook, Everitt, Bomber Command War Diaries, 246–52, 259–61; Groehler, Bombenkrieg, 50–54.

203. RAFM, Harris papers, H53, Baker to Harris, 21 Mar 1942; Baker to Harris, 9 Apr 1942; TNA, AIR 20/4768, note from Bufton for Baker, 6 Apr 1942; Harris to Baker, 11 Apr 1942.

204. CCAC, BUFT 3/12. Bufton to Harris, 8 May 1942; TNA, AIR 14/1779, chart of attacks on Essen, Duisburg and Düsseldorf.

205. TNA, PREM/3/11/4, Cherwell to Churchill, 30 Mar 1942; Sinclair to Churchill, 6 Apr 1942; Hollis (CoS) to Churchill, 10 Apr 1942; AIR 9/187, CoS, 13 Apr 1942.

206. Webster, Frankland, Strategic Air Offensive, vol 4, 231–8, ‘Report by Mr Justice Singleton, 20 May 1942’; TNA, PREM 3/11/4, Singleton to Churchill, 20 May 1942.

207. Ibid., PREM 3/11/4, Cherwell to Churchill, 28 May 1942.

208. CCO, Portal papers, Folder 9/File 3, Cherwell to Portal, 27 Feb 1942; Harris to Portal, 2 Mar 1942; Melinsky, Forming the Pathfinders, 68–9.

209. CCAC, BUFT 3/12, ‘Tactical Direction of the Bomber Force’, 16 May 1942, 1.

210. Ibid., 3/12, Bufton to all squadron and station commanders, Mar 1942; H. Graham to Morley (BOps 1), 1 Apr 1942.

211. Melinsky, Forming the Pathfinders, 72–8; Furse, Wilfred Freeman, 205–8; Middlebrook, Everitt, Bomber Command War Diaries, 297–8, 301.

212. CCAC, BUFT 3/12, minute by the assistant CoS (operations), 2 Aug 1942.

213. TNA, AIR 14/276, Portal to Harris, 19 May 1942; Harris to Coastal Command, Flying Training and Army Co-Operation, 20 May 1942; Harris to Philip Joubert de la Ferté (CC), 23 May 1942; Bomber Command Operational Order, no 147, 23 May 1942.

214. BA-B, NS 18/1058, report, Leiter IV, Party Chancellery, 31 May 1942; Groehler, Bombenkrieg, 65–6.

215. Ibid., 66–7.

216. Details from Middlebrook, Everitt, Bomber Command War Diaries, 274, 280–81; Groehler, Bombenkrieg, 69.

217. Greenhous et al., Crucible of War, 621–2.

218. CCO, Portal papers, Folder 3/File 3, Smuts to Churchill, 30 June 1942; draft telegram Churchill to Smuts, 4 July 1942, rejecting the proposal.