The Bombing War: Europe 1939-1945

10. Slessor, Central Blue, 438–9; TNA, AIR 75/11, draft, ‘Future Strategy’, 25 Sept 1942; draft for the CoS, ‘Anglo-American Bomber Offensive against Italy and Germany in 1943’.

11. LC, Spaatz papers, Box 66, Arnold to Harry Hopkins, 3 Sept 1942, encl. memorandum, ‘Plans for Operations against the Enemy’.

12. Ibid., Box 66, AWPD-42, ‘Requirements of Air Ascendancy’, 6–7.

13. FDRL, Map Room papers, Box 165, Folder 6, JCS minutes of meetings, 13 Jan and 14 Jan 1943; LC, Arnold papers, Reel 200, JCS, minutes of meetings, 14 Jan 1943, 11–12.

14. CCO, Portal papers, Folder 3/File 4, Churchill to Harry Hopkins, 14 Oct 1942; ‘Note on Air Policy’, 22 Oct 1942; Churchill to Portal, Sinclair and Harris, 26 Oct 1942.

15. TNA, PREM 3/19, Churchill to Harris, 18 Sept 1942; AIR 9/424, Air Staff minute, 10 Oct 1942.

16. CCO, Portal papers, Folder 3/File 4, Sinclair to Churchill, 23 Oct 1942; Portal to Churchill, 28 Oct 1942; Portal to Churchill, 7 Nov 1942; Tami Davis Biddle, ‘British and American Approaches to Strategic Bombing: Their Origins and Implementation in the World War II Bomber Offensive’, in John Gooch (ed), Airpower: Theory and Practice (London: 1995), 119–20.

17. LC, Spaatz papers, Box 97, ‘Casablanca Notes’, 15 Jan 1943; John W. Huston (ed), American Airpower Comes of Age: General Henry H. ‘Hap’ Arnold’s World War II Diaries, 2 vols (Maxwell, AL: 2002), vol 1, 462; AFHRA, CD A5835, ‘Eighth Air Force: Growth, Development and Operations’, Air Force Plans, exhibit 3, ‘The Case for Day Bombing’; James Parton, ‘Air Force Spoken Here’: General Ira Eaker and the Command of the Air (Bethesda, MD: 1986), 217–20; Tami Davis Biddle, Rhetoric and Reality in Air Warfare: The Evolution of British and American Ideas about Strategic Bombing, 1914–1945 (Princeton, NJ: 2002), 214–15.

18. LC, Spaatz papers, Box 97, ‘Casablanca Notes’, 17 and 19 Jan 1943; FDRL, Map Room Files, Box 165, Folder 7, ANFA Meeting minutes, 18 Jan 1943.

19. Parton, ‘Air Force Spoken Here’, 221.The sentence ran ‘It keeps German defenses alerted around the clock, 24 hours of the day.’

20. LC, Spaatz papers, Box 97, ‘Casablanca Notes’, 18 and 20 Jan 1943; Henry H. Arnold, Global Mission (New York: 1949), 395–7; Parton, ‘Air Force Spoken Here’, 221–2.

21. TNA, AIR 8/1076, Churchill to Attlee, 21 Jan 1943.

22. Charles Webster, Noble Frankland, The Strategic Air Offensive Against Germany, 4 vols (London: 1961), vol 4, 153–4, ‘Combined Chiefs of Staff Directive for the Bomber Offensive from the United Kingdom’.

23. LC, Spaatz papers, Box 97, ‘Casablanca Notes’, 25 Jan to 31 Jan 1943; TNA, AIR 8/425, Bottomley to Harris, 4 Feb 1943.

24. Slessor, Central Blue, 448.

25. TNA, AIR 9/424, Note by Director of Plans, 24 Aug 1942; Joint Planning Staff, ‘Anglo-U.S. Bombing Policy’, 18 Aug 1942.

26. LC, Spaatz papers, Box 66, Report on AWPD-42, 19 Sept 1942.

27. CCO, Portal papers, Folder 4/File 1, Arnold to Portal, 10 Dec 1942; Portal to Churchill, 20 Dec 1942.

28. LC, Eaker papers, Box I.20, Eaker to Portal, 30 Aug 1943.

29. Ibid., Spaatz papers, Box 67, ‘Status of the Combined Bomber Offensive from U.K.’, 7 Aug 1943, 1.

30. TNA, AIR 14/739A, Harris to Eaker, 15 Apr 1943.

31. Ibid., Harris to Portal, 9 Apr 1943, encl. ‘The United States Contribution to the Bomber Offensive in 1943’, 2.

32. Ibid., War Cabinet, CoS, ‘An Estimate of the Effects of an Anglo-American Bomber Offensive against Germany’, 3 Nov 1942.

33. TNA, FO 837/1315, ‘Bombers’ Baedeker: Guide to the Economic Importance of German Towns and Cities’, Jan 1943 edition.

34. RAFM, Harris papers, Misc. Box A, Folder 4, ‘One Hundred Towns of Leading Economic Importance to the German War Effort’.

35. LC, Eaker papers, Box I.20, Portal to Eaker, 28 Feb 1943.

36. TNA, AIR 14/1779, minutes of meeting in the Air Ministry, 1 Mar 1943, 2.

37. LC, Spaatz papers, Box 67, Eaker to Spaatz, 13 Apr 1943, encl. Air War Plans memorandum, ‘The Combined Bomber Offensive from the United Kingdom’.

38. Ibid., Box 67, ‘Status of Combined Bomber Offensive’, 7 Aug 1943, 1.

39. Ibid., Box 67, memorandum from Arnold to Spaatz, ‘Report of the Committee of Operations Analysts with Respect to Economic Targets within the Western Axis’, 8 Mar 1943.

40. LC, Eaker papers, Box I.20, Eaker to Portal, 2 Apr 1943; TNA, AIR 8/1103, Arnold to Portal, 24 Mar 1943; Portal to Eaker, 9 Apr 1943; Parton, ‘Air Force Spoken Here’, 250–53.