Читаем The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB полностью

The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB

15. Operations officers specializing in illegal documentation were posted to the legal residencies in New York, Washington, Ottawa, Mexico City, Buenos Aires, London, Paris, Rome, Brussels, The Hague, Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm, Helsinki, Vienna, Athens, Istanbul, Tehran, Beirut, Calcutta, Karachi and Cairo. Those posted to New York were M. N. Korneyev, V. N. Danilin and A. M. Tikhomirov. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 4.

16. See above, chapter 9.

17. vol. 7, ch. 11, item 2.

18. vol. 8, ch. 8.

19. Sawatsky, For Services Rendered, p. 34.

20. vol. 8, ch. 8, paras. 5-6.

21. vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 7.

22. Sawatsky, For Services Rendered, p. 34.

23. Soboloff’s father had left Canada to work at Magnitogorsk in 1931. David and his mother followed in 1935. vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 7.

24. Sawatsky, For Services Rendered, pp. 38-40.

25. Though the KGB file noted by Mitrokhin names HART’s lover, it seems unfair to identify her.

26. vol. 8, ch. 8, paras. 14, 18.

27. Sawatsky, For Services Rendered, pp. 44-53, 66-7. Interviews by Christopher Andrew with Terry Guernsey in Toronto, October 1991.

28. vol. 8, ch. 2. On the Centre’s criticisms of the Ottawa residency see above, pp. 180-1.

29. vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 9.

30. Sawatsky, For Services Rendered, pp. 53-4.

31. vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 9. On EMMA, see also k-8,82.

32. On Hambleton’s career prior to his recruitment, see Heaps, Hugh Hambleton, Spy; Granatstein and Stafford, Spy Wars, ch. 8; Barron, KGB Today, ch. 9.

33. vol. 8, ch. 8; vol. 8, app. 1, item 87.

34. See below, chapter 12.

35. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2.

36. vol. 8, ch. 8; vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2.

37. vol. 8, ch. 8, paras. 11, 20.

38. Sawatsky, For Services Rendered, pp. 64-71.

39. vol. 8, ch. 8, paras. 10,20.

40. Sawatsky, For Services Rendered, p. 27.

41. vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 14.

42. vol. 8, ch. 8, paras. 10, 12.

43. vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 13.

44. vol. 8, ch. 8, paras. 15, 20.

45. vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 16. Remarkably, HART survived fifteen years’ imprisonment (five in solitary confinement, three in a normal prison cell and seven in labor camp), and was later exfiltrated to the West by SIS. He now lives in Canada.

46. vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 20. In January 1964 a KGB officer traveling to Winnipeg with a scientific and cultural delegation and the Igor Moiseyev Folk Dance Group tried to reestablish contact with Morrison, but without success. An investigation by agent ANTHEA then established that he had moved house. The Centre later planned to involve Morrison in the hunt for two illegals, Yevgeni Runge (MAKS) and Valentina Rush (ZINA), who defected to the CIA in Berlin in 1967. But though attempts by the Ottawa residency to locate Morrison continued intermittently until 1974 they were unsuccessful (vol. 6, ch. 5, part 5; vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 21). In May 1986 Morrison was sentenced to eighteen months in jail for offenses against the Official Secrets Act (Granatstein and Stafford, Spy Wars, p. 149).

47. vol. 8, ch. 8, para. 19.

48. k-4,207; k-11,130. From 1961 to 1964 Grinchenko worked in Cuba as a consultant to the illegals directorate of the DGI; k-11,130.

49. On Fisher, see above, chapter 9.

50. Olavi Åhman (codenamed VIRTANEN) was a veteran of the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2; k-27,451.

51. Bernikow, Abel, chs. 2-3.

52. The message was finally decrypted in 1957, with the assistance of cipher material given by VIK to the FBI and other material discovered by the Bureau in MARK’s flat after his arrest. Lamphere, The FBI-KGB War, pp. 270-1, 274-5.

53. k-3,80; k-8,83. ORIZO’s main motivation seems to have been financial. In Paris, he had been paid 40,000 francs a month; Mitrokhin’s notes do not indicate how much he was paid in New York.

54. k-8,91.

55. k-3,80. ORIZO continued work as a Soviet agent until 1980.

56. Bernikow, Abel, pp. 171-2.

57. Bernikow, Abel, chs. 3-4. Even after his arrest, MARK failed to realize that VIK had never been under surveillance by the FBI. He told his lawyer that “he now believed that Hayhanen had been secretly apprehended in December [1956] by the FBI and had met [him] thereafter on orders from Federal agents” (Donovan, Strangers on a Bridge, p. 39).

58. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2.

59. Bernikow, Abel, pp. 86-95.

60. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2.

61. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2.

62. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2, n. 11.

63. Donovan, Strangers on a Bridge, pp. 179-80; Bernikow, Abel, pp. 242-4.

64. Donovan, Strangers on a Bridge, p. 257.

65. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2.

66. Bernikow, Abel, pp. 223-4.

67. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2.

68. Also on February 10, 1962 Frederic L. Pryor, a Yale student accused of espionage in East Berlin, was released at Checkpoint Charlie.

69. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 2.