Западноевропейское искусство от Хогарта до Сальвадора Дали

Cezanne; Provance; Aix; fatal; threshold; majestic; imaginary; indeterminable; Victoire

Notes

Mont Sainte-Victoire – «Гора Сент-Виктуар»

Card Players – «Игроки в карты»

Still life with Apples and Oranges – «Натюрморт с корзиной фруктов»

Woman with the Coffee-pot – «Женщина с кофейником»

Bathers – «Купальщицы»

Tasks

I. Read the text. Make sure you understand it. Mark the following statements true or false.

1. Cezanne was born in Normandy.

2. Cezanne's early works were Neo-classic.

3. Cezanne exhibited his paintings at the Salon in 1877.

4. Portraiture to Cezanne was second only to still life.

5. Cezanne developed abstractionism.

6. The figures in the Bathers were painted from life.

II. How well have you read? Can you answer the following questions?

1. What interested Cezanne at the beginning of his career? What sayings illustrate Cezanne's mature style?

2. What subject did Cezanne repeatedly study? What is depicted in the Mont Sainte-Victoire^. How did Cezanne produce the effect of durability and massiveness? What did Cezanne achieve from nature?

3. What is shown in the Still life with Apples and Oranges? What discrepancies are seen in this work of art?

4. What subject did Cezanne choose for his figure pieces? What is depicted in the CardPlayers? How did Cezanne arrange the figures?

5. Where is the full beauty of Cezanne's developed style seen? What dominates in this painting?

6. What makes the Bathers a masterpiece? Why is Cezanne claimed to be the father of modern art?

III. i. Give Russian equivalents of the following phrases:

to adopt the Impressionist palette; objects are identifiable; a colossal rock crystal of colour; colour construction; spheroid or cylindrical masses; psychological significance; to inflict a fatal blow; search for the exact plane of colour; a developed style; a visual threshold; a fluted column; indispensable elements; the formation of a new style; simplified figures.

ii. Give English equivalents of the following phrases:

неотъемлемый элемент; упрощенные фигуры; зрительный порог; зрелый стиль; формирование нового стиля; постоянно изучать; сферические и цилиндрические фигуры; излюбленная тема; цветовые формы; не поддающиеся определению предметы; овладеть палитрой импрессионистов.

iii. Make up sentences of your own with the given phrases.

iv. Arrange the following in the pairs of synonyms:

a) to inflict; fatal; indispensable; imaginary; to develop;

b) unreal; essential; to impose; to improve; doomed.

IV. Here are descriptions of some of Cezanne's works of art. Match them up to the titles given below.

1. Cezanne's planes have built majestic cylinders from the arms and a fluted column from the body.

2. The painting shows three men sitting around a table, while a fourth gazes downward, arms folded.

3. The fantasy gave Cezanne the materials with which to build a grand imaginary architecture, composed of simplified figures.

4. The table disappears under the tablecloth at one level.

5. Nothing indicates the time of the day or even the season.

a. Still life with Apples and Oranges

b. Bathers

c. Woman with the Coffee-pot

d. Mont Sainte-Victoire

e. Card Players

V. Translate the text into English.

До конца жизни Поль Сезанн подписывал свои произведения «ученик Писсарро», таким образом подчеркивая свою связь с импрессионистами. Сам Сезанн не принадлежал к этому направлению. У Сезанна нет картин сложного содержания. Наиболее сильная сторона таланта Сезанна – колорит. В передаче цветом реальности выявляются геометрические фигуры природных форм. «Все в природе лепится в форме шара, конуса, цилиндра; надо научится писать на этих простых фигурах, и, если вы научитесь владеть этими формами, вы сделаете все, что захотите». Взамен кажущейся случайности импрессионистов Сезанн принес чувство массы, выразительность образов.

Элементы абстрагирования, заложенные в искусстве Сезанна, позволили его последователям считать его основоположником абстракционизма.

VI. Summarize the text.

VI. Topics for discussion.

1. Cezanne's artistic concepts.

2. Cezanne and Cubists.

3. Cezanne's as the forerunner of Abstract painting.

Unit XIV Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901)