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Феста дос Рапазес: парад мальчиков. Португалия

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Зимний фестиваль: праздничная симфония огней. Гонконг

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Золотой поросенок: галлюцинация, сулящая удачу. Чехия

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Laskow, Sarah. “Golden Pigs, Jesus-Shaped Bread, and 5 Other Delightful European Christmas Customs.” Atlas Obscura. December 21, 2015.

Святой Николай, или Синтаклаас: множество имен главного по подарочкам. Нидерланды и Бельгия

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Йоулупукки: щедрый малый с сомнительным прошлым. Финляндия

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Raedisch, Linda. The Old Magic of Christmas: Yuletide Traditions for the Darkest Days of the Year. Woodbury, MN: Llewellyn Worldwide, 2013.

Nordland, Rod. “Santa in Finland, Where Marketing Triumphs Over Geography.” New York Times. December 20, 2017.

Дед Мороз и Снегурочка: праздничный дуэт дедушки и внучки. Россия и Восточная Европа

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Кристкиндл: младенец, который приносит подарки. Германия

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Оленцеро: щедрый горный великан. Страна басков

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Хотейошо: всевидящий монах. Япония

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Фрау Холле: колдунья из колодца. Германия

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Бефана: добродушная рождественская ведьма. Италия

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Крампус: рождественский дьявол. Австрия

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Грила и Йоласвейнары: неугомонные горные озорники. Исландия

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Каликандзары: рождественские гоблины-дровосеки. Греция, Болгария и Сербия