Читаем Деяния апостолов. Главы I-VIII. Историко-филологический комментарий полностью

4:18 μὴ φθέγγεσθαι μηδὲ διδάσκειν (не говорить и не учить) – неопределенная форма наст, времени указывает на то, что апостолы должны были прекратить делать то, что они уже делали раньше; ср. комм, к 1:4.

4:19 ἀποκριθέντες εἶπαν (отвечая, сказали) – в D сохраняется множественное число глагола, но причастие стоит в единственном числе (ἀποκριθείς). Эта грамматическая ошибка отражает особое положение Петра как главного действующего лица и главного оратора.

ὑμῶν ἀκούειν μᾶλλον ἢ τοῦ θεοῦ (вас слушать больше, чем Бога) – ср. Деян 5:29 и аналогичную фразу Сократа в «Апологии» 29d: πείσομαι δὲ μᾶλλον τῷ θεῷ ἣ ὑμῖν («слушаться я буду скорее бога, чем вас»). Возможно, Лука знал «Апологию», но, с другой стороны, эти слова стали знаменитым общим местом и часто воспроизводились в той или иной форме.

Возвращение Петра и Иоанна; общая молитва (4:23-31)

23 Ἀπολυθέντες δὲ ἦλθον πρὸς τοὺς ἰδίους καὶ ἀπήγγειλαν ὅσα πρὸς αὐτοὺς οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι εἶπαν. 24 οἱ δὲ ἀκούσαντες ὁμοθυμαδὸν ἦραν φωνὴν πρὸς τὸν θεὸν καὶ εἶπαν· δέσποτα, σὺ ὁ ποιήσας τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν καὶ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐν αὐτοῖς, 25 ὁ τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου στόματος Δαυὶδ παιδός σου εἰπών·

Ἵνατί ἐφρύαξαν ἔθνη

καὶ λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά;

26παρέστησαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς

καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ

κατὰ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ κατὰ τοῦ χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ.

27 συνήχθησαν γὰρ ἐπ᾿ ἀληθείας ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ ἐπὶ τὸν ἅγιον παῖδά σου Ἰησοῦν ὃν ἔχρισας, Ἡρῴδης τε καὶ Πόντιος Πιλᾶτος σὺν ἔθνεσιν καὶ λαοῖς Ἰσραήλ, 28 ποιῆσαι ὅσα ἡ χείρ σου καὶ ἡ βουλὴ [σου] προώρισεν γενέσθαι. 29 καὶ τὰ νῦν, κύριε, ἔπιδε ἐπὶ τὰς ἀπειλὰς αὐτῶν καὶ δὸς τοῖς δούλοις σου μετὰ παρρησίας πάσης λαλεῖν τὸν λόγον σου, 30 ἐν τῷ τὴν χεῖρα [σου] ἐκτείνειν σε εἰς ἴασιν καὶ σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα γίνεσθαι διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ ἁγίου παιδός σου Ἰησοῦ. 31 καὶ δεηθέντων αὐτῶν ἐσαλεύθη ὁ τόπος ἐν ᾧ ἦσαν συνηγμένοι, καὶ ἐπλήσθησαν ἅπαντες τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος καὶ ἐλάλουν τὸν λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ μετὰ παρρησίας.

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