Эффект негативности. Как способность замечать плохое трансформирует нашу реальность

218 1 или 2 процента: J. Sullum, «Trump Says Pain Pills Are ‘So Highly Addictive.’ He’s Wrong,» Reason, August 17, 2018, https://reason.com/blog/2018/08/17/trump-says-pain-pills-are-so-highly-addi, and M. Szalavitz, «Opioid Addiction Is a Huge Problem, but Pain Prescriptions Are Not the Cause,» Scientific American, May 10, 2016, https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/mind-guest-blog/opioid-addiction-is-a-huge-problem-but-pain-prescriptions-are-not-the-cause/.

218 исследования медицинского журнала: G. A. Brat et al., «Postsurgical Prescriptions for Opioid Naive Patients and Association with Overdose and Misuse: Retrospective Cohort Study,» BMJ 360 (2018): j5790, https://www.bmj.com/content/360/bmj.j5790, and M. Noble et al., «Long-Term Opioid Management for Chronic Noncancer Pain,» Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1 (2010): CD006605, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006605.pub2.

218 ежегодный опрос федерального правительства: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Results from the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables (2018), tables 6.53B, 1.82A, 5.2A, https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/cbhsq-reports/NSDUHDetailedTabs2017/NSDUHDetailedTabs2017.htm#tab1–82A.

218 Типичная жертва: E. M. Johnson et al., «Unintentional Prescription Opioid-Related Overdose Deaths: Description of Decedents by Next of Kin or Best Contact, Utah, 2008–2009,» Journal of General Internal Medicine 28 (2013): 522–29, and J. Sullum, «Opioid Commission Mistakenly Blames Pain Treatment for Drug Deaths,» Reason, November 2, 2017, http://reason.com/blog/2017/11/02/opioid-commission-mistakenly-blames-pain.

218 погибают, смешав их: A. J. Visconti, G. M. Santos, N. P. Lemos, C. Burke, and P. O. Coffin, «Opioid Overdose Deaths in the City and County of San Francisco: Prevalence, Distribution, and Disparities,» Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 92 (2015): 758–72; New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, «Epi Data Brief,» June 2016, https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/down loads/pdf/epi/databrief72.pdf; and J. Sullum, «Are You More Likely to Be Killed by Opioids Than a Car Crash?» Reason, January 17, 2019, https://reason.com/blog/2019/01/17/are-you-more-likely-to-be-killed-by-opio. Sullum analyzes 2017 data from the CDC database Multiple Cause of Death, https://wonder.cdc.gov/mcd-icd10.html.

218 героин и фентанил: J. Bloom, «Dear PROP/CDC, Here’s What Happens When You Over-Restrict Pills: More Deaths. Nice Going,» American Council on Science and Health, December 12, 2018, https://www.acsh.org/news/2018/12/12/dear-propcdc-heres-what-happens-when-you-over-restrict-pills-more-deaths-nice-going-13663, and J. A. Singer, «As If We Needed It, More Evidence Emerges Showing That the Government Has Changed the Opioid Crisis into a Fentanyl Crisis,» Cato at Liberty, November 2, 2018, https://www.cato.org/blog/we-needed-it-more-evidence-emerges-showing-government-has-changed-opioid-crisis-fentanyl-crisis.

218 рост количества смертей из-за опиума: National Center for Health Statistics, «Data Brief 329,» November 2018, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db329_tables-508.pdf, analyzed in J. Sullum, «Opioid-Related Deaths Keep Rising as Pain Pill Prescriptions Fall,» Reason, November 29, 2018, https://reason.com/blog/2018/11/29/opioid-related-deaths-keep-rising-as-pai.

218 следующий ящик Пандоры: J. Tierney, «The Optimists Are Right,» New York Times Magazine, September 29, 1996, https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/29/magazine/the-optimists-are-right.html.

219 жестоких «безумцев железной дороги»: E. F. Torrey and J. Miller, The Invisible Plague: The Rise of Mental Illness from 1750 to the Present (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2001), 98, and J. Hayes, «The Victorian Belief That a Train Ride Could Cause Instant Insanity,» Atlas Obscura, May 12, 2017, https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/railway-madness-victorian-trains.

219 как заметил Бэйли: Bailey, End of Doom, 75.

219 формы демагогии: W. Tucker, Progress and Privilege: America in the Age of Environmentalism (Garden City, NY: Anchor, 1982), 89.

220 Наша ограбленная планета: F. Osborn, Our Plundered Planet (Boston: Little, Brown, 1948).

220 Путь к Выживанию: W. Vogt, Road to Survival (New York: W. Sloane Associates, 1948).

220 Римский Клуб: D. H. Meadows, D. L. Meadows, J. Randers, and W. W. Behrens III, The Limits to Growth (New York: Universe Books, 1972), 23.

220 в «великом вымирании»: P. Ehrlich, «Looking Backward from 2000 A.D.,» Progressive, April 1970, 23–25, quoted in V. Brent Davis, Armageddon (Springville, UT: CFI, 2005), 16.