God's War: A New History of the Crusades

43. William of Tyre, History, ii, 498–504, 507–9.

44. Edbury, Conquest of Jerusalem, pp. 11–16. For a convincing reconstruction of the events of 1184–5 based largely on the variant continuations of William of Tyre, Hamilton, The Leper King, pp. 198–210.

45. Ibn Shaddad, Saladin, pp. 68–9.

46. Edbury, Conquest of Jerusalem, pp. 24–30, 154–5; despite the continuations of William of Tyre’s sympathetic glossing towards Raymond, the inference is unavoidable.

47. Ibn Jubayr, Travels, trans. R. J. C. Broadhurst (London 1952), p. 301 and generally on Outremer in the autumn of 1184, pp. 315–25.

48. For the events culminating in the battle at the springs of Cresson, Gabrieli, Arab Historians, pp. 114–18; Edbury, Conquest of Jerusalem, pp. 30–34, 156–7; Stevenson, Libellus de expugatione Terrae Sanctae, pp. 211–17. For the legends, Nicholson, Chronicle of the Third Crusade, pp. 25–6.

49. On the Hattin campaign, Gabrieli, Arab Historians, pp. 118–39; Edbury, Conquest of Jerusalem, pp. 34–49, 158–62; Libellus de expugnatione Terrae Sanctae, trans. Brundage, Crusades, pp. 153–63; Lyons and Jackson, Saladin, pp. 258–64; Lyons, ‘Saladin’s Hattin Letter’; R. C. Smail, ‘The Predicaments of Guy of Lusignan 1183–7’, Outremer, ed. Kedar et al., pp. 159–76; and, for the topography and details of the fighting itself, especially, B. Z. Kedar, ‘The Battle of Hattin Revisited’, Horns of Hattin, pp. 190–207.

50. Gabrieli, Arab Historians, p. 130.

51. Ibn al-Athir, Gabrieli, Arab Historians, p. 123.

52. Peter of Blois, Passio Reginaldis Principis Antiocheni, PL, 207, cols. 957–76.

53. Gabrieli, Arab Historians, p. 125.

54. For the siege and fall of Jerusalem, Ibn Shaddad, Saladin, pp. 77–8; Gabrieli, Arab Historians, pp. 139–75; Edbury, Conquest of Jerusalem, pp. 55–65, 162–3, 165–6.

55. Edbury, Conquest of Jerusalem, pp. 73–6.

56. For full references Gillingham, Richard I, p. 87, note 36.

57. Translated by J. and L. Riley-Smith, Crusades, pp. 64–7.

12: The Call of the Cross

1. Pipe Roll 1 Richard I, ed. J. Hunter (London 1844), p. 20; Pipe Roll 3 Richard I, The Great Rolls of the Pipe (Pipe Roll Society, London 1884–), pp. 28, 33, 58, 76.

2. For references, see Tyerman, Invention of the Crusades, esp. p.27.

3. Text in J. and L. Riley-Smith, Crusades, pp. 64–7; cf. Benedict of Peterborough, recte Roger of Howden, Gesta Henrici Secundi, ii, 15–19.

4. Itinerarium, pp. 43–4; Edbury Conquest of Jerusalem, pp. 73–5 for an account in a continuation of the chronicle of William of Tyre.

5. Gillingham, Richard I, p. 87, note 36 for a full list of references, esp. Ralph of Diceto.

6. Historia de expeditione Friderici Imperatoris, ed. A. Chroust, Quellen zur Geschichte des Kreuzzuges Kaiser Friedrichs I, MGHS (Berlin 1928), esp. pp. 5–15.

7. De Profectione Danorum in Hierosolymam, Scriptores Minores Historiae Danicae, ed. M. C. Gertz (Copenhagen 1970 reprint), ii, 464–8; in general pp. 457–92.

8. Gervase of Canterbury, Historical Works, ed. W. Stubbs, Rolls Series (London 1879–80), i, 389.

9. Historia de expeditione, Chroust, Quellen, p. 14, cf. p. 12 for Henry of Albano’s summons ‘ad curiam Iesu Christi’; Gilbert of Mons, Chronicon Hanoniense, ed. G. H. Pertz, MGHS (Hanover 1869), pp. 182–4.

10. Epistolae Cantuariensis, Chronicles and Memorials of Richard I, ed. W. Stubbs, Rolls Series (London 1865), ii, nos. 158, 167; cf. Gervase of Canterbury, Historical Works, i, 394 et seq. for the local context.

11. For the French nobles, Rigord, Oeuvres, ed. H. F. Delaborde, i, 83–4 and 84–5 for the March assembly in Paris; for Anglo-Norman sources for the Gisors meeting, Tyerman, England and the Crusades, p. 392 note 7 and, for English preparations in general, pp. 57–85.

12. Gerald of Wales, Journey, p. 201.

13. Roger of Howden, Gesta Henrici Secundi, ii, 44–5.

14. Itinerarium, p. 143.