Справедливость. Как поступать правильно?

Приведена цитата из малоизвестной работы Бентама The Rationale of Reward («Обоснование вознаграждения»), опубликованной в 20-х гг. XIX в. Высказывание Бентама получило известность благодаря Джону Миллю. См.: Ross Tarrisoon, Bentham (London: Routledge, 1983), p. 5.

[

←69

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John Stuart Mill, Utilitsrianism (1861), Geroge Sher, ed. (Hackett Publishing, 1979), chap. 2.

[

←70

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Ibid.

[

←71

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Ibid., chap. 4.

[

←72

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Ibid., chap. 2.

[

←73

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Ibid.

[

←74

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В этом и следующих разделах я полагаюсь на отличное эссе: Joseph Lelyveld, “English Thinker (1748–1832) Preserves His Poise”, New York Times, June 18, 1986.

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←75

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“Extract from Jeremy Netham’s Ladt Will and Testament”, May 30, 1832 — на сайте Проекта Бентама, проводимого Лондонским университетом: www.ucl.ac.uk/Bentham-Project/infor/will.htm.

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←76

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Эти и другие анекдоты собраны на сайте Проекта Бентама: www.ucl.ac.uk/Bentham-Project/info/jb.htm.

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←77

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Ibid.

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←78

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Matthew Miller and Duncan Greenberg, “The Forbes 400”, Forbes, September 17, 2008 — www.forbes.com/2008/09/16/forbes-400-billionaure-lists-400list08_ex-MN-0917richamericans_land.html.

[

←79

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Lawrence Michael, Jared Bernstein, and Sylvia Allegretto, The State of Working America 2006/2007: An Economic Policy Institute Book, Ithaca, N.Y.: IRL Press, an imprint of Cornell University Press, 2007. Эти авторы используют данные, собранные Эдвардом Волффом (2006 г.) и размещенные на сайте www.stateofworkingamerica.org/tabfig/05/SWA06-05-Wealth.pdf. См. также Arthur B. Kennickel, “Currents and Undercurrents: Changes in Distribution of Wealth, 1989–2004”, Federal Reserce Board, Washington, D.C., January 30, 2006 — www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/oss/oss2/papers/concentration.2004. 5.pdf.

[

←80

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Frederick A. Hayek, The Constitution of Liberty (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960).

[

←81

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Фридман М. Капитализм и свобода. М.: Фонд «Либеральная миссия», 2006. — Прим. ред.

[

←82

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Milton Friedman, Capitalism and Freedom (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962), p. 188.

[

←83

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Ibid., p. 111.

[

←84

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Ibid., pp. 137–160.

[

←85

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Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State, and Utopia (New York: Basic Books, 1974), p. ix.

[

←86

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Ibid., pp. 149–160

[

←87

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Ibid., pp. 160–164.

[

←88

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Ibid., p. 169.

[

←89

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Ibid., p. 172.

[

←90

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Ibid., p. 171.

[

←91

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Monica Davey, “Kevorkian Speaks After His Release from Prison”, New York Times, June 4, 2007.

[

←92

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Mark Landler, “Eating People Is Wrong! But Is It Homicide? Court to Rule”, New York Times, December 26, 2003, p. A4.

[

←93

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Mark Landler, “German Court Convicts Internet Cannibal of Manslaughter”, New York Times, January 31, 2004, p. A3; Tony Paterson, “Cannibal of Rothenburg Gets 8 Years for Eating a Willing Victim”, The Independent (London), January 31, 2004, p. 30.

[

←94

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Luke Harding, “German Court Finds Cannibal Guilty of Murder”, The Guardian (London), May 10, 2006, p. 16.

[

←95

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Karen Bale, “Killer Cannibal Becomes Veggie”, Scottish Daily Record, November 21, 2007, p. 20.

[

←96

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James W. Geary, We Need Men: The Union Draft in the Civil War (De Kalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1991), pp. 3–48; James M. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), pp. 490–494.

[

←97

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McPherson, Battle Cry, pp. 600–611.

[

←98

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Ibid.; Geary, We Need Men, pp. 103–150.

[

←99

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McPherson, Battle Cry, p. 601; Geary, We Need Men, p. 83.

[

←100

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Geary, We Need Men, p. 150; The Civil War: A Film by Ken Burns, episode 5, “The Universe of Battle”, chap. 8.

[

←101

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Jeffrey M. Jones, “Vast Majority of Americans Opposed to Resinstating Military Draft”, Gallup News Service, September 7, 2007 — www.gallup.com/poll/28642/Vast-Majoprity-Americans-Opposed-Reinistituting-Military-Draft.aspx.

[

←102

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Hon. Ron Paul (R-Texas), “3,000 American Deaths in Iraq”, U.S. House if Representatives, January 5, 2007 — www.ronpaullibrary.org/document.php?id=532.

[

←103

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“Army Recruitment in FY 2008: A Look at Age, Race, Income, and Education of New Soldiers”, National Priorities Project; данные из диаграммы 6: Active-duty Army: Recruits by Neighborhood Income, 2005, 2007, 2008 – www.nationalpriorities.org/militaryrecruiting2008/active_duty_army/recruits_by_neighborhood_income.

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Ibid. В одном из исследований, выполненных Heritage Foundation, этот вывод ставят под сомнение главным образом посредством демонстрации того, что среди офицеров непропорционально много выходцев из более зажиточных почтовых районов. См. Shanea J. Watkins and James Sherk, “Who Serves in the U.S. Military? Demographic Characteristics of Enlisted Troops and Officers”, Heritage Center for Data Analysis, August 21, 2008 — www.heritage.org/Research/NationalSEcurity/cda08-05.cfm.

[

←105

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“Military Recruitment 2008: Significant Gap in Army’s Quality and Quantity Goals”, National Priorities Project; данные из Таблицы 1: Educational Attainment, FY 2008 – www.nationalpriorities.org/militaryrecruiting2008/army2008eadttainment.

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