Тело помнит все. Какую роль психологическая травма играет в жизни человека и какие техники помогают ее преодолеть

13. B. A. van der Kolk, et al., “Dissociation, Somatization and Affect Dysregulation: The Complexity of Adaptation to Trauma”, American Journal of Psychiatry 153, suppl (1996): 83–93. См. также: D. G. Kilpatrick, et al., “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Field Trial: Evaluation of the PTSD Construct-Criteria A Trough E”, in: DSM-IV Sourcebook, vol. 4 (Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1998), 803–44; T. Luxenberg, J. Spinazzola, and B. A. van der Kolk, “Complex Trauma and Disorders of Extreme Stress (DESNOS) Diagnosis, Part One: Assessment”, Directions in Psychiatry 21, no. 25 (2001): 373–92; and B. A. van der Kolk, et al., “Disorders of Extreme Stress: The Empirical Foundation of a Complex Adaptation to Trauma”, Journal of Traumatic Stress 18, no. 5 (2005): 389–99.

14. Эти вопросы доступны на сайте НДО: http://acestudy.org/

15. http://www.cdc.gov/ace/findings.htm; http://acestudy.org/download; V. Felitti, et al., “Relationship of Childhood Abuse and Household Dysfunction to Many of the Leading Causes of Death in Adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study”, American Journal of Preventive Medicine 14, no. 4 (1998): 245–58. См. также: R. Reading, “The Enduring Effects of Abuse and Related Adverse Experiences in Childhood: A Convergence of Evidence from Neurobiology and Epidemiology”, Child: Care, Health and Development 32, no. 2 (2006): 253–56; V. J. Edwards, et al., “Experiencing Multiple Forms of Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Mental Health: Results from the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study”, American Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 8 (2003): 1453–60; S. R. Dube, et al., “Adverse Childhood Experiences and Personal Alcohol Abuse as an Adult”, Addictive Behaviors 27, no. 5 (2002): 713–25; S. R. Dube, et al., “Childhood Abuse, Neglect, and Household Dysfunction and the Risk of Illicit Drug Use: The Adverse Childhood Experiences Study”, Pediatrics 111, no. 3 (2003): 564–72.

16. S. A. Strassels, “Economic Burden of Prescription Opioid Misuse and Abuse”, Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy 15, no. 7 (2009): 556–62.

17. C. B. Nemerof, et al., “Differential Responses to Psychotherapy Versus Pharmacotherapy in Patients with Chronic Forms of Major Depression and Childhood Trauma”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States America 100, no. 24 (2003): 14293–96. См. также: C. Heim, P. M. Plotsky, and C. B. Nemerof, “Importance of Studying the Contributions of Early Adverse Experience to Neurobiological Findings in Depression”, Neuropsychopharmacology 29, no. 4 (2004): 641–48.

18. B. E. Carlson, “Adolescent Observers of Marital Violence”, Journal of Family Violence 5, no. 4 (1990): 285–99. См. также: B. E. Carlson, “Children’s Observations of Interparental Violence”, in Battered Women and Their Families, ed. A. R. Roberts (New York: Springer, 1984), 147–67; J. L. Edleson, “Children’s Witnessing of Adult Domes-tic Violence”, Journal of Interpersonal Violence 14, no. 8 (1999): 839–70; K. Henning, et al., “Long-Term Psychological and Social Impact of Witnessing Physical conflict Between Parents”, Journal of Interpersonal Violence 11, no. 1 (1996): 35–51; E. N. Jouriles, C. M. Murphy, and D. O’Leary, “Interpersonal Aggression, Marital Discord, and Child Problems”, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 57, no. 3 (1989): 453–55; J. R. Kolko, E. H. Blakely, and D. Engelman, “Children Who Witness Domes-tic Violence: A Review of Empirical Literature”, Journal of Interpersonal Violence 11, no. 2 (1996): 281–93; and J. Wolak and D. Finkelhor, “Children Exposed to Partner Violence”, in Partner Violence: A Comprehensive Review of 20 Years of Research, ed. J. L. Jasinski and L. Williams (Tousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1998).

19. Большинство из этих заявлений основаны на разговорах с Винсентом Фелитти и дополнены Дж. Е. Стивенсом, “The Adverse Childhood Experiences Study-the Largest Public Health Study You Never Heard Of”, Huffington Post, October 8, 2012, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jane-ellen-stevens/the-adverse-childhood-exp_1_b_1943647.html

20. Характерный для популяции риск: часть общей популяции, чьи проблемы могут быть объяснены определенными факторами риска.

21. National Cancer Institute, “Nearly 800,000 Deaths Prevented Due to Declines in Smoking” (press release), 14 марта 2012, доступно по ссылке:

http://www.cancer.gov/newscenter/newsfromnci/2012/TobaccoControlCISNET