Untitled

Downs, After Appomattox, 79; Cimbala, The Freedmen's Bureau, 54-55.

54

Фонер, 63; Хан, 142.

55

Simpson, The Reconstruction Presidents, 77; Daniel W. Hamilton, The Limits of Sovereignty: Конфискация имущества в Союзе и Конфедерации во время Гражданской войны

War (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007), 26; Ranney, 44-45; Sven Beckert, The Monied Metropolis: New York City and the Consolidation of the American Bourgeoisie, 1850-1896 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), 161-62; Foner, 235-37.

56

Cimbala, The Freedmen's Bureau, 16; Cimbala, Under the Guardianhood of the Nation, 3.

57

McFeely, 91-106; Cimbala, The Freedmen's Bureau, 52-53.

58

Cimbala, The Freedmen's Bureau, 56-57; Hahn, 146; Palmer Beverly Wilson and Holly Byers Ochoa, "Reconstruction, September 6, 1865," Pennsylvania History 60, no. 2 (1993): 203; Downs, After Appomattox, 78-79; McFeely, 107-29.

59

Эми Дру Стэнли, "От кабалы к контракту: наемный труд, брак и рынок в эпоху освобождения рабов" (Кембридж: Издательство Кембриджского университета, 1998), 36-37.

60

McFeely, Yankee Stepfather, 17-19, 71-83, 89-90; T. J. Jackson Lears, Rebirth of a Nation: The Making of Modern America, 1877-1920 (New York: Harper, 2009), 18-19, 31, 56-57; Cimbala, The Freedmen's Bureau, 15, 17-18, 62, 64-76; Edwards, 67-68.

61

Stanley, 38-40; Laura F. Edwards, Gendered Strife & Confusion: The Political Culture of Reconstruction (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997), 47.

62

Cimbala, The Freedmens Bureau, 64-76; Edwards, 67-68.

63

Джули Сэвилл, Работа Реконструкции: From Slave to Wage Laborer in South Carolina, 1860-1870 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 28-29; Carole Emberton, Beyond Redemption: Race, Violence, and the American South after the Civil War (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013), 56-57.

64

Hahn, 153-56; Saville, 23.

65

O'Donovan, 126-32; Downs, After Appomattox, 110-11; McFeely, 150; Foner, 166-70;

Cimbala, The Freedmen's Bureau, 66-67.

66

Фонер, 168.

67

Там же, 167-69; О'Донован, 132-38.

68

Cimbala, The Freedmen's Bureau, 27-31; O'Donovan, 221-23.

69

Cimbala, The Freedmen's Bureau, 35.

70

Перман, 70-81, 123-31; Фонер, 184-85, 188-201; Саммерс, 67.

71

Foner, 192-93; Perman, 102-3, 153; Schurz, Reminiscenses, 178-80; Hahn, 152; David Montgomery, "Strikes in Nineteenth-Century America," Social Science History 4, no. 1 (1980): 94; Blair, 271-73.

72

Perman, 41; Schurz, Reminiscences, 3: 202.

73

Шурц, Отчет, 17.

74

Там же, 18.

75

Там же, 20.

76

Шурц, 20.

77

Конгресс США. Специальный комитет Сената США по расследованию причин переселения негров из южных штатов в северные. Report and Testimony of the Select Committee of the United States Senate to Investigate the Causes of the Removal of the Negroes from the Southern States to the Northern States: In Three Parts (U.S. GPO, 1880), 2: 101, 123, 128-29, 137-39, 154.

78

Маккитрик, 9-10.

79

Downs, After Appomattox, 80, 108-9, 111; Foner, 190; Hahn, 155; Perman, 43, 99-100, 135-36; Richard M. Valelly, The Two Reconstructions: The Struggle for Black Enfranchisement (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004), 26-27.

80

Литвак, 365; Ранни, 45-46.

81

Downs, After Appomattox, 84-87; Ranney, 45-46.

82

Норали Френкель, Женщины свободы: Black Women and Families in Civil War Era Mississippi (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999), 56-58; Stanley, 98-100.

83

Дилан К. Пеннингрот, Притязания родственников: African American Property and Community in the Nineteenth-Century South (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003), 45-78; Ranney, 46-47; Litwack, 366-71; Hahn, 141-42.

84

Эдвардс, 39; Френкель, 136-45; Ранни, 47-48.

85

Hahn, 155, 157; Cimbala, The Freedmen's Bureau, 70, 75; Frankel, 69; Litwack, 278-80.

86

Downs, After Appomattox, 84-87.

87

Ричард Франклин Бенсел, Левиафан янки: The Origins of Central State Authority in America, 1859-1877 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 162-73, 243-51.

88

Фонер, 228-35, 237; Даунс, 46.

89

Michael Les Benedict, A Compromise of Principle: Congressional Republicans and Reconstruction, 1863-1869 (New York: Norton, 1974), 26-33, 34-35, 37-38.

90

Томас Бендер, Нация среди наций: Место Америки в мировой истории (Нью-Йорк: Hill and Wang, 2006), 172-81.

91

Дэниел Т. Роджерс, "Атлантические переходы: Social Politics in a Progressive Age (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1998), 78-79; Michael Les Benedict, "Laissez-Faire and Liberty: A Re-Evaluation of the Meaning and Origins of Laissez-Faire Constitutionalism," Law and History Review 3, no. 2 (1985), 293-331; Stanley, 1-24.

92

Роджерс, 77-79.

93

Джойс Эпплби, "Республиканство и идеология", American Quarterly 37, no. 4 (1985): 470; Nancy Cohen, The Reconstruction of American Liberalism, 1865-1914 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002), 56.

94

Мазур, 4-5.

95

Уильям Дж. Новак, Народное благосостояние: Law and Regulation in Nineteenth-Century America (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996), 51 и passim.

96

Benedict, A Compromise of Principle, 36-37; Stanley, 4.

97